Grant R M, Piwowar E M, Katongole-Mbidde E, Muzawalu W, Rugera S, Abima J, Stramer S L, Kataaha P, Jackson B
University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1996 Nov;3(6):640-4. doi: 10.1128/cdli.3.6.640-644.1996.
The accuracy and acceptability of saliva human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody testing were compared with serum testing in a study of paired specimens from HIV-1-seropositive and HIV-1-seronegative Ugandan adults attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. Saliva collection was performed with the Omni-sal device (Saliva Diagnostic Systems, Vancouver, Wash.), and antibody testing was performed by a rapid filter paper assay (Test-Pack; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Ill.). Relative to serum testing, the sensitivity of saliva testing was 95% (195 of 205) and the specificity was 99% (295 of 297). The sensitivity of saliva testing was higher for patients with elevated levels of beta-2 microglobulin in sera and greater numbers of HIV-1-related symptoms. Pre- and poststudy interviews indicated that saliva testing did not foster inordinate fears of saliva exposure. The development of saliva tests that are inexpensive and do not require electricity is needed.
在一项针对乌干达前往性传播疾病诊所就诊的HIV-1血清阳性和HIV-1血清阴性成年人的配对样本研究中，对唾液人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）抗体检测与血清检测的准确性和可接受性进行了比较。使用Omni-sal装置（唾液诊断系统公司，华盛顿州温哥华）采集唾液，并通过快速滤纸检测法（Test-Pack；雅培实验室，伊利诺伊州雅培公园）进行抗体检测。相对于血清检测，唾液检测的灵敏度为95%（205例中的195例），特异性为99%（297例中的295例）。对于血清中β-2微球蛋白水平升高且HIV-1相关症状较多的患者，唾液检测的灵敏度更高。研究前后的访谈表明，唾液检测不会引发对唾液暴露的过度恐惧。需要开发出价格低廉且无需电力的唾液检测方法。
