RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
Behav Res Methods. 2009 Nov;41(4):1190-200. doi: 10.3758/BRM.41.4.1190.
Verbal memory tests-although important to the neuropsychological assessment of memory-are biased to many cultures. In the present article, we highlighted the limitations associated with the direct translation of tests and word matching, as well as the lack of ecological validity and cultural appropriateness when tests developed in one culture are used in another. To overcome these limitations, a verbal memory paradigm was developed that framed the memory assessment with a shopping-list format, but that developed culturally specific stimuli for the different language groups. The aim of the present study was to determine the equivalence of this shopping list memory test in different cultural and language groups. Eighty-three adults from English-, French-, Malay-, and Chinese-speaking cultures participated in four experiments. The results of all the experiments indicated that performance of verbal list learning is equivalent, irrespective of the language used. These results support the use of this methodology for minimizing cross-cultural test bias, and have important implications for testing culturally and linguistically diverse individuals.
言语记忆测试——尽管对记忆的神经心理学评估很重要——但存在对多种文化的偏见。在本文中，我们强调了测试的直接翻译和单词匹配所存在的局限性，以及当在一种文化中开发的测试应用于另一种文化时，缺乏生态有效性和文化适宜性。为了克服这些局限性，我们开发了一种言语记忆范式，采用购物清单的形式来评估记忆，但为不同的语言群体开发了具有文化特异性的刺激。本研究的目的是确定这种购物清单记忆测试在不同文化和语言群体中的等效性。来自英语、法语、马来语和华语文化的 83 名成年人参与了四个实验。所有实验的结果都表明，无论使用哪种语言，言语列表学习的表现都是等效的。这些结果支持使用这种方法来最小化跨文化测试的偏见，并且对测试文化和语言多样化的个体具有重要意义。
