Akoachere Jane-Francis T K, Tanih Nicoline F, Ndip Lucy M, Ndip Roland N
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, PO Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2009 Oct;27(5):612-8. doi: 10.3329/jhpn.v27i5.3637.
Salmonella spp. have been extensively incriminated worldwide as common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, with food-animals serving as important reservoirs. The study was aimed at investigating cattle and pigs slaughtered in Buea as reservoirs of Salmonella Typhimurium and the susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics. In total, 230 specimens (comprising 50 each from the rectum, ileum, and gall bladder of cattle; and 10 each from same anatomical sites of pigs and 50 from abattoir drains) were analyzed for Salmonella using the standard microbiological, biochemical and serological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion test. The isolates were characterized into biotypes using the API 20E kit, and results were analyzed using the chi-square test. Seventy-five (32.6%) of the 230 specimens were positive for S. Typhimurium, with pigs and abattoir drains presenting the highest level of isolation (40%). Biochemical typing grouped the isolates into five biotypes. Biotype I was the most prevalent (30.6%) while biotype IV was the least prevalent (9.3%) and was absent in samples from pigs. Antibiotic susceptibility studies revealed 14 antibiotypes based on antibiotics used in the study. The predominant antibiotype AMX DOX CEF was recorded in 13 (17.3%) of the isolates. Multidrug resistance (to four or more antibiotics) was recorded in 50.7% (38/75) of the isolates. The most active drugs were ciprofloxacin (98.6%), ofloxacin (93.3%), amikacin (90.6%), and gentamicin (84%). All the isolates (100%) were resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin. Cattle and pigs were found to be reservoirs of S. Typhimurium in the environment of Buea, Cameroon, implying that foods from these sources, if not properly handled, could serve as vehicles for its transmission to humans.
在全球范围内，沙门氏菌属被广泛认定为人类细菌性肠胃炎的常见病因，食用动物是其重要宿主。本研究旨在调查布埃亚屠宰的牛和猪作为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌宿主的情况，以及分离菌株对抗生素的敏感性。总共对230份样本（包括来自牛的直肠、回肠和胆囊各50份；来自猪相同解剖部位各10份以及来自屠宰场排水口50份）采用标准微生物学、生物化学和血清学技术分析沙门氏菌。通过 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法测定分离菌株的抗生素敏感性。使用 API 20E 试剂盒将分离菌株鉴定为不同生物型，并采用卡方检验分析结果。230份样本中有75份（32.6%）鼠伤寒沙门氏菌呈阳性，猪和屠宰场排水口的分离率最高（40%）。生化分型将分离菌株分为五种生物型。生物型I最为常见（30.6%），而生物型IV最不常见（9.3%），且在猪的样本中未出现。抗生素敏感性研究基于本研究中使用的抗生素揭示了14种抗菌型。13份（17.3%）分离菌株记录到主要抗菌型AMX DOX CEF。50.7%（38/75）的分离菌株记录到多重耐药（对四种或更多抗生素耐药）。最有效的药物是环丙沙星（98.6%）、氧氟沙星（93.3%）、阿米卡星（90.6%）和庆大霉素（84%）。所有分离菌株（100%）对四环素和氨苄西林耐药。在喀麦隆布埃亚的环境中，牛和猪被发现是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的宿主，这意味着来自这些来源的食物若处理不当，可能成为其传播给人类的媒介。
