Pennington J A, Young B E
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1991 Feb;91(2):179-83.
Daily intakes of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, copper, and manganese for eight age-sex groups are presented for 1982 to 1989. Compared with the intakes recommended by the National Academy of Sciences, sodium intakes (which did not include discretionary salt) exceeded the estimated minimum requirement; intakes of potassium, phosphorus, selenium, and iodine were adequate for all groups; and copper intakes were low (less than 80% of the suggested intake) for all groups. In addition, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese were low in the diets of teenage girls; calcium, magnesium, and iron were low in the diets of adult women; calcium, magnesium, and zinc were low in the diets of older women; calcium and zinc were low in the diets of 2-year-olds; and magnesium was low in the diets of teenage boys and older men. The primary food group source for each element was dairy products for potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and iodine; grain products for sodium, iron, and manganese; and animal flesh for zinc, selenium, and copper.
列出了1982年至1989年八个年龄性别组的钠、钾、钙、磷、镁、铁、锌、硒、碘、铜和锰的每日摄入量。与美国国家科学院推荐的摄入量相比，钠摄入量（不包括 discretionary salt）超过了估计的最低需求量；所有组的钾、磷、硒和碘摄入量充足；所有组的铜摄入量较低（低于建议摄入量的80%）。此外，青少年女孩饮食中的钙、镁、铁和锰含量较低；成年女性饮食中的钙、镁和铁含量较低；老年女性饮食中的钙、镁和锌含量较低；2岁儿童饮食中的钙和锌含量较低；青少年男孩和老年男性饮食中的镁含量较低。每种元素的主要食物来源组中，钾、钙、磷、镁和碘为乳制品；钠、铁和锰为谷物制品；锌、硒和铜为肉类。
