Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Children's Hospital, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2009 Dec;11(6):402-9. doi: 10.1007/s11926-009-0059-4.
Systemic vasculitis is a group of disorders with multiorgan involvement. These disorders have diverse clinical manifestations associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most common vasculitides in children--Henoch-Schönlein purpura and Kawasaki disease--are self-limiting conditions. The lifelong and chronic vasculitides (eg, giant cell arteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa, and Takayasu arteritis) are rarely seen in children. Therefore, the outcome in general is more favorable in children. This article offers an overview of the epidemiologic, etiologic, pathophysiologic, and clinical features of vasculitis in children, with emphasis on common conditions.
系统性血管炎是一组多器官受累的疾病。这些疾病具有多种临床表现，并伴有显著的发病率和死亡率。儿童中最常见的血管炎——过敏性紫癜和川崎病——是自限性疾病。儿童中罕见发生的终身性和慢性血管炎（如巨细胞动脉炎、韦格纳肉芽肿、显微镜下多血管炎、变应性肉芽肿性血管炎、结节性多动脉炎和多发性大动脉炎）。因此，总体预后在儿童中更为有利。本文概述了儿童血管炎的流行病学、病因、病理生理和临床特征，重点介绍常见疾病。
