Sociology Department, Horton Social Science Center, University of New Hampshire, 20 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Child Maltreat. 2010 Feb;15(1):76-90. doi: 10.1177/1077559509349444. Epub 2009 Nov 18.
Using two waves of the Developmental Victimization Survey (DVS), this research examined the effects of different forms of child victimization on changes in self-concept in a national sample of 11- to 18-year-old youth. Specifically, we (a) assessed the independent effects of past-year sexual victimization, nonsexual child maltreatment, peer victimization, and nonvictimization adversity on changes in mastery and self-esteem, (b) investigated the effects of these stressors on levels of depressive symptoms, and (c) determined the extent to which changes in mastery and/or self-esteem mediate associations between victimization and depression. Results indicate that only sexual victimization independently reduced self-esteem, and there were no significant changes in mastery in response to victimization exposure. Declines in self-esteem partially mediated the association between past-year sexual victimization exposure and levels of depressive symptoms. Strong direct effects of each form of victimization and nonvictimization adversity on depression were also evident. Results suggest that sexual victimization experiences may have uniquely powerful effects on self-esteem that are not apparent for other types of victimization and stress.
利用发展受害调查（DVS）的两波数据，本研究在一个全国性的 11 至 18 岁青少年样本中，考察了不同形式的儿童受害对自我概念变化的影响。具体而言，我们（a）评估了过去一年的性受害、非性儿童虐待、同伴受害和非受害逆境对掌握和自尊变化的独立影响，（b）调查了这些压力源对抑郁症状水平的影响，以及（c）确定掌握和/或自尊变化在受害与抑郁之间的关联中起中介作用的程度。结果表明，只有性受害会独立降低自尊，而在受害暴露的情况下，掌握情况没有明显变化。自尊的下降部分中介了过去一年性受害暴露与抑郁症状水平之间的关联。每种形式的受害和非受害逆境对抑郁的强烈直接影响也很明显。结果表明，性受害经历可能对自尊产生独特而强大的影响，而其他类型的受害和压力则没有明显影响。
