Taylor Brett J, Orr Steven A, Chapman Jennifer L, Fisher Diana E
The United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2009 Nov;48(6):718-26.
Ketamine-acepromazine-xylazine (KAX) has long been a popular combination of injectable anesthetics for use in laboratory rodents. These drugs are compounded extemporaneously at research facilities because a commercial mixture is not available. This study was designed to determine an appropriate period of use for this mixture by examining its safety, stability, and efficacy at 30-d intervals over an aging period of 270 d. For as long as 270 d after compounding, most of the data collected (chemical stability, sterility, pH, particulate formation, times to loss of righting reflex in injected mice and rats, and histopathology from these animals) supported the finding that the component drugs do not change or degrade. However, mice and rats did show significant differences in anesthetic responses after injection with KAX mixtures of different ages. In light of these findings, we suggest that KAX remains safe, stable, and efficacious for at least 180 d after mixing, and that 180 d constitutes an appropriate period of use for this drug combination when stored in a dark, room-temperature environment.
氯胺酮-乙酰丙嗪-赛拉嗪（KAX）长期以来一直是用于实验啮齿动物的一种常用注射麻醉剂组合。由于没有市售混合物，这些药物在研究机构中是临时配制的。本研究旨在通过在270天的老化期内每隔30天检查其安全性、稳定性和有效性，来确定这种混合物的合适使用期限。在配制后的长达270天内，收集的大多数数据（化学稳定性、无菌性、pH值、颗粒形成、注射小鼠和大鼠失去翻正反射的时间以及这些动物的组织病理学）支持了成分药物不会变化或降解这一发现。然而，小鼠和大鼠在注射不同老化时间的KAX混合物后，麻醉反应确实存在显著差异。鉴于这些发现，我们建议KAX在混合后至少180天内保持安全、稳定和有效，并且当储存在黑暗的室温环境中时，180天构成这种药物组合的合适使用期限。
