Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Aapistie 1, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
Eur Spine J. 2010 Apr;19(4):641-9. doi: 10.1007/s00586-009-1215-2. Epub 2009 Nov 20.
The quantity and quality of adolescents' sleep may have changed due to new technologies. At the same time, the prevalence of neck, shoulder and low back pain has increased. However, only a few studies have investigated insufficient quantity and quality of sleep as possible risk factors for musculoskeletal pain among adolescents. The aim of the study was to assess whether insufficient quantity and quality of sleep are risk factors for neck (NP), shoulder (SP) and low back pain (LBP). A 2-year follow-up survey among adolescents aged 15-19 years was (2001-2003) carried out in a subcohort of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 1,773). The outcome measures were 6-month period prevalences of NP, SP and LBP. The quantity and quality of sleep were categorized into sufficient, intermediate or insufficient, based on average hours spent sleeping, and whether or not the subject suffered from nightmares, tiredness and sleeping problems. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for having musculoskeletal pain were obtained through logistic regression analysis, adjusted for previously suggested risk factors and finally adjusted for specific pain status at 16 years. The 6-month period prevalences of neck, shoulder and low back pain were higher at the age of 18 than at 16 years. Insufficient quantity or quality of sleep at 16 years predicted NP in both girls (OR 4.4; CI 2.2-9.0) and boys (2.2; 1.2-4.1). Similarly, insufficient sleep at 16 years predicted LBP in both girls (2.9; 1.7-5.2) and boys (2.4; 1.3-4.5), but SP only in girls (2.3; 1.2-4.4). After adjustment for pain status, insufficient sleep at 16 years predicted significantly only NP (3.2; 1.5-6.7) and LBP (2.4; 1.3-4.3) in girls. Insufficient sleep quantity or quality was an independent risk factor for NP and LBP among girls. Future studies should test whether interventions aimed at improving sleep characteristics are effective in the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal pain.
青少年的睡眠数量和质量可能由于新技术而发生了变化。与此同时，颈部、肩部和下背部疼痛的患病率也有所增加。然而，只有少数研究调查了睡眠不足和质量差是否是青少年肌肉骨骼疼痛的可能危险因素。本研究旨在评估睡眠不足和质量差是否是颈部（NP）、肩部（SP）和下背部疼痛（LBP）的危险因素。对年龄在 15-19 岁的青少年进行了为期 2 年的随访调查（2001-2003 年），该调查是在 1986 年芬兰北部出生队列 1986 年的一个子队列（n=1773）中进行的。结果测量是 6 个月的 NP、SP 和 LBP 的发生率。根据平均睡眠时间和是否有梦魇、疲劳和睡眠问题，将睡眠的数量和质量分为充足、中等或不足。通过逻辑回归分析获得了肌肉骨骼疼痛的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），调整了先前提出的危险因素，并最终调整了 16 岁时的特定疼痛状况。18 岁时颈部、肩部和下背部疼痛的 6 个月发生率高于 16 岁时。16 岁时睡眠不足或质量差预测女孩（OR 4.4；95%CI 2.2-9.0）和男孩（2.2；1.2-4.1）的 NP。同样，16 岁时睡眠不足预测女孩（2.9；1.7-5.2）和男孩（2.4；1.3-4.5）的 LBP，但 SP 仅在女孩中（2.3；1.2-4.4）。调整疼痛状况后，16 岁时睡眠不足仅预测女孩的 NP（3.2；1.5-6.7）和 LBP（2.4；1.3-4.3）显著。睡眠不足或质量差是女孩 NP 和 LBP 的独立危险因素。未来的研究应该测试旨在改善睡眠特征的干预措施是否对预防和治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛有效。
