Pirie P L, Murray D M, Luepker R V
Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Mar;81(3):324-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.81.3.324.
Smoking among young women is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Gender specific influences on smoking, quitting and attempting to quit are hypothesized to occur and may have implications for cessation programs.
Telephone surveys were conducted in a large (n = 6,711) cohort of young men and women (average age 19.2 years) which was first established in 1979 and has been resurveyed several times since then. Questions concerned smoking, successful and unsuccessful attempts to quit, withdrawal symptoms during quit attempts, and concerns about quitting.
More women than men reported current smoking (26.5 vs 22.6 percent), but quitting attempts, successful and unsuccessful, were equally common. Withdrawal symptoms were reported equally, except for wanting to eat more than usual and weight gain, both of which were reported more often by women than men. Women smokers reported substantially more concern about weight gain if they quit smoking (57.9 vs 26.3 percent expressing concern).
Targeted programs are needed to address issues of concern to young women smokers, particularly fear of gaining weight.
年轻女性吸烟与多种负面健康结果相关。据推测，性别对吸烟、戒烟及尝试戒烟存在特定影响，这可能对戒烟项目有启示意义。
对一个大型队列（n = 6711）的年轻男性和女性（平均年龄19.2岁）进行电话调查，该队列于1979年首次建立，此后多次重新调查。问题涉及吸烟、成功和未成功的戒烟尝试、戒烟尝试期间的戒断症状以及对戒烟的担忧。
报告当前吸烟的女性多于男性（26.5%对22.6%），但成功和未成功的戒烟尝试同样常见。除了比平时更想吃东西和体重增加外，戒断症状的报告情况相同，这两种情况女性比男性报告得更频繁。女性吸烟者表示，如果她们戒烟，对体重增加的担忧要多得多（表示担忧的比例为57.9%对26.3%）。
需要有针对性的项目来解决年轻女性吸烟者所关注的问题，尤其是对体重增加的恐惧。
