Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Section of Human Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Apr;20 Suppl 1:24-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01050.x. Epub 2009 Nov 30.
The present study investigated the performance effects and physiological adaptations over 16 weeks of recreational football training and continuous running for healthy untrained premenopausal women in comparison with an inactive control group [Football group (FG): n=21; running group (RG): n=18; CO: n=14]. Two weekly 1-h training sessions were performed in FG and RG. After 4 and 16 weeks of training VO(2max) was elevated (P<0.05) by 7% and 15%, respectively, in FG, and by 6% and 10%, respectively, in RG. After 16 weeks, Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 2 performance was 33% and 19% better (P<0.05) for FG and 29% and 21% better (P<0.05) for RG than after 4 and 0 weeks, respectively. Peak sprinting speed was 12% higher (21.0 +/- 0.6 vs 18.8 +/- 0.7 km/h; P<0.05) for FG after the training period, whereas no difference was observed for RG. After 4 weeks citrate synthase (CS) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity was 9% and 8%, respectively, higher (P<0.05) than before training in FG with no further changes during the last 12 weeks. In RG, CS increased (P<0.05) by 12% after 4 weeks and no significant increase was observed for HAD. In FG, the number of capillaries per fiber was 18% higher (P<0.05) after 16 weeks (2.44 +/- 0.15 vs 2.07 +/- 0.05 cap/fiber), with no significant difference for RG. No differences were observed between 0 and 16 weeks for CO. In conclusion, recreational women's football leads to significant increases in VO(2max), performance and muscular adaptations throughout a 16-week training period. Thus, football can be used as an activity to elevate the physical capacity of untrained women.
本研究比较了 16 周的休闲足球训练和连续跑步对健康的未绝经女性的表现效果和生理适应，以及与不活动对照组[足球组（FG）：n=21；跑步组（RG）：n=18；CO：n=14]。每周在 FG 和 RG 进行两次 1 小时的训练。经过 4 周和 16 周的训练，VO(2max)分别提高了 7%和 15%，FG 和 RG 分别提高了 6%和 10%。经过 16 周的训练，FG 的 Yo-Yo 间歇性耐力水平 2 的表现比 4 周和 0 周分别提高了 33%和 19%，而 RG 则提高了 29%和 21%。峰值冲刺速度提高了 12%（21.0 +/- 0.6 vs 18.8 +/- 0.7 km/h；P<0.05），FG 在训练期间，而 RG 则没有差异。经过 4 周，FG 的柠檬酸合酶（CS）和 3-羟基酰基辅酶 A 脱氢酶（HAD）活性分别提高了 9%和 8%（P<0.05），而在最后 12 周内没有进一步变化。在 RG 中，CS 在 4 周后增加了 12%（P<0.05），而 HAD 则没有明显增加。在 FG 中，纤维内毛细血管数量增加了 18%（P<0.05），16 周后为 2.44 +/- 0.15 vs 2.07 +/- 0.05 cap/fiber，而 RG 则没有显著差异。CO 在 0 周和 16 周之间没有差异。总之，休闲女子足球在 16 周的训练期间导致 VO(2max)、表现和肌肉适应性显著增加。因此，足球可以作为一种提高未训练女性身体素质的活动。
