Charlesworth B
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Science. 1991 Mar 1;251(4997):1030-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1998119.
Structurally distinct sex chromosomes (X and Y) are the most familiar mode of genetic sex determination and have evolved independently in many different taxa. The evolutionary paths by which their characteristic properties may have evolved are reviewed. These properties include the failure of X and Y to recombine through much or all of their length, the genetic inertness of much of the Y chromosome, dosage compensation of the activity of X chromosomal loci, and the accumulation of repeated DNA sequences on the Y chromosome.
结构上不同的性染色体（X和Y）是最常见的遗传性别决定方式，并且在许多不同的分类群中独立进化。本文综述了其特征属性可能进化的进化路径。这些属性包括X和Y在其大部分或全部长度上无法重组、Y染色体大部分区域的遗传惰性、X染色体基因座活性的剂量补偿以及Y染色体上重复DNA序列的积累。
