School of Policy Studies and Department of Geography, Queen's University, Canada.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 Jul;101(13):4806-13. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.098. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
Canada has invested significantly in the development of a domestic bioethanol industry, and it is expected that bioethanol from lignocellulosics will become more desirable to the industry as it expands. Development of the Canadian industry to date is described in this paper, as are examples of domestic research programs focused on both bioconversion and thermochemical conversion to generate biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. The availability of lignocellulosic residues from agricultural and forestry operations, and the potential biofuel production associated with these residues, is described. The policy tools used to develop the domestic bioethanol industry are explored. A residue-based process could greatly extend the potential of the bioethanol industry in Canada. It is estimated that bioethanol production from residual lignocellulosic feedstocks could provide up to 50% of Canada's 2006 transportation fuel demand, given ideal conversion and full access to these feedstocks. Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass will extend the geographic range of the bioethanol industry, and increase the stability and security of this sector by reducing the impact of localized disruptions in supply. Use of disturbance crops could add 9% to this figure, but not in a sustainable fashion. If pursued aggressively, energy crops ultimately could contribute bioethanol at a volume double that of Canada's gasoline consumption in 2006. This would move Canada towards greater transportation fuel independence and a larger role in the export of bioethanol to the global market.
加拿大在发展国内生物乙醇产业方面投入巨大，随着产业的扩张，预计木质纤维素生物乙醇将更受业界青睐。本文介绍了加拿大产业的发展情况，以及专注于生物转化和热化学转化的国内研究计划的实例，以从木质纤维素生物质中生成生物燃料。本文还描述了农业和林业作业中木质纤维素残留物的可用性，以及与这些残留物相关的潜在生物燃料生产情况。本文探讨了用于发展国内生物乙醇产业的政策工具。基于残留物的工艺可以大大扩展加拿大生物乙醇产业的潜力。据估计，如果理想地转化并充分利用这些原料，那么从剩余木质纤维素原料生产生物乙醇可以满足加拿大 2006 年 50%的交通燃料需求。利用木质纤维素生物质将扩大生物乙醇产业的地理范围，并通过减少局部供应中断的影响，提高该部门的稳定性和安全性。利用干扰作物可以将这一数字提高 9%，但不能以可持续的方式提高。如果积极推进，能源作物最终可以提供两倍于加拿大 2006 年汽油消耗量的生物乙醇。这将使加拿大在更大程度上实现交通燃料自给自足，并在向全球市场出口生物乙醇方面发挥更大作用。
