Marine and Coastal Research Center, Ochanomizu University, Tateyama, Chiba, Japan.
Ecotoxicology. 2010 Mar;19(3):563-70. doi: 10.1007/s10646-009-0452-9. Epub 2009 Dec 18.
Early embryogenesis is one of the most sensitive and critical stages in animal development. Here we propose a new assessment model on the effect of pollutant to multicellular organism development. That is a comparison between the whole embryo assay and the blastomere culture assay. We examined the LiCl effect on the sea urchin early development in both of whole embryos and the culture of isolated blastomeres. The mesoderm and endoderm region were capable to differentiate into skeletogenic cells when they were isolated at 60-cell stage and cultured in vitro. The embryo developed to exogastrula by the vegetalizing effect of the same LiCl condition where ectodermal region changed their fate to endoderm, while the isolated blastomeres from the presumptive ectoderm region differentiated into skeletogenic cells in the culture with LiCl. The effect of LiCl to the sea urchin embryo and to the dissociated blastomere is a unique example where same cells response distinctly to the same agent depend on the condition around them. Present results show the importance of examining the process in cellular and tissue levels for the exact understanding on the morphological effect of chemicals and metals.
早期胚胎发生是动物发育过程中最敏感和关键的阶段之一。在这里，我们提出了一种新的评估模型，用于评估污染物对多细胞生物发育的影响。该模型是将整个胚胎检测与分裂球培养检测进行比较。我们在整个胚胎和分离的分裂球培养中检测了 LiCl 对海胆早期发育的影响。当将 60 细胞期的胚胎分离并在体外培养时，中胚层和内胚层区域能够分化为成骨细胞。胚胎通过同样的 LiCl 条件下的植物化作用发育到原肠胚期，其中外胚层区域改变了它们的命运成为内胚层，而来自假定外胚层区域的分离的分裂球在含有 LiCl 的培养物中分化为成骨细胞。LiCl 对海胆胚胎和分离的分裂球的影响是一个独特的例子，相同的细胞根据周围环境的不同而对相同的试剂表现出明显不同的反应。目前的结果表明，在细胞和组织水平上检查这一过程对于准确理解化学物质和金属对形态的影响非常重要。
