Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2010 Apr;14(2):174-83. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.11.023. Epub 2009 Dec 23.
Biocatalytic conversions can involve one enzyme that carries out one specific reaction at a time, or multiple enzymes that carry out a series of conversions to yield a desired product. The use of several enzymes allows the realization of much more complex synthetic schemes. Multi-step synthesis can be carried out in biological systems by utilizing or engineering their metabolic networks for catalysis. Alternatively, multi-enzymatic catalysis can be carried out in vitro using isolated biocatalysts. Both approaches, in vivo or in vitro, have their specific advantages, problems, and challenges that will be illustrated using recent examples.
生物催化转化可以涉及一次只进行一种特定反应的一种酶，也可以涉及一系列反应以产生所需产物的多种酶。使用多种酶可以实现更复杂的合成方案。多步合成可以通过利用或工程化生物系统的代谢网络来进行催化。或者，可以使用分离的生物催化剂在体外进行多酶催化。这两种方法（体内或体外）都有其特定的优点、问题和挑战，我们将使用最近的实例来说明这些问题。
