Novartis Vaccines, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2009;655:81-9. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1132-2_8.
Bacterial infectious diseases remain a major cause of deaths and disabilities in the world. Although conventional vaccinology approaches were successful in conferring protection against several diseases, they failed in providing efficient vaccines against many others. Together to the sequencing of the first genome, a new chapter in the vaccinology history started to be written. Reverse vaccinology changed the way to think about vaccine development, using the information provided by the microorganisms' genome against themselves. Since then, reverse vaccinology has evolved and helped researchers to overcome the limits of the conventional vaccinology approaches and led to the discovery and development of novel vaccines concerning emerging diseases, like Neisseria meningitidis B and Streptococcus agalactiae. A lot of work must be done, but deciphering the information provided by genome sequences and using it to better understand the host-pathogen interactions has proved to be the key for protection.
细菌性传染病仍然是世界上导致死亡和残疾的主要原因。尽管传统的疫苗学方法在预防几种疾病方面取得了成功，但它们在提供针对许多其他疾病的有效疫苗方面却失败了。随着第一个基因组的测序，疫苗学历史的新篇章开始被书写。反向疫苗学改变了人们对疫苗开发的思维方式，利用微生物基因组自身提供的信息来对抗它们。从那时起，反向疫苗学不断发展，帮助研究人员克服了传统疫苗学方法的局限性，并导致了针对新兴疾病（如脑膜炎奈瑟菌 B 和无乳链球菌）的新型疫苗的发现和开发。还有很多工作要做，但破译基因组序列提供的信息并利用它来更好地理解宿主-病原体相互作用已被证明是保护的关键。
