Pope C A
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):90-7. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1991.9937434.
This study assessed the association between respiratory hospital admissions and PM10 pollution in Utah, Salt Lake, and Cache valleys during April 1985 through March 1989. Utah and Salt Lake valleys had high levels of PM10 pollution that violated both the annual and 24-h standards issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Much lower PM10 levels occurred in the Cache Valley. Utah Valley experienced the intermittent operation of its primary source of PM10 pollution: an integrated steel mill. Bronchitis and asthma admissions for preschool-age children were approximately twice as frequent in Utah Valley when the steel mill was operating versus when it was not. Similar differences were not observed in Salt Lake or Cache valleys. Even though Cache Valley had higher smoking rates and lower temperatures in winter than did Utah Valley, per capita bronchitis and asthma admissions for all ages were approximately twice as high in Utah Valley. During the period when the steel mill was closed, differences in per capita admissions between Utah and Cache valleys narrowed considerably. Regression analysis also demonstrated a statistical association between respiratory hospital admissions and PM10 pollution. The results suggest that PM10 pollution plays a role in the incidence and severity of respiratory disease.
本研究评估了1985年4月至1989年3月期间犹他州、盐湖城和卡什谷地区呼吸道疾病住院与PM10污染之间的关联。犹他州和盐湖城地区的PM10污染水平很高，违反了美国环境保护局（EPA）发布的年度和24小时标准。卡什谷的PM10水平则低得多。犹他谷地区PM10污染的主要来源——一家综合钢铁厂间歇性运营。在钢铁厂运营期间，犹他谷地区学龄前儿童支气管炎和哮喘的住院率约为非运营期间的两倍。盐湖城和卡什谷地区未观察到类似差异。尽管卡什谷冬季吸烟率更高、气温更低，但犹他谷地区各年龄段人均支气管炎和哮喘住院率约为卡什谷地区的两倍。在钢铁厂关闭期间，犹他谷和卡什谷地区人均住院率的差异大幅缩小。回归分析还表明呼吸道疾病住院与PM10污染之间存在统计学关联。结果表明，PM10污染在呼吸道疾病的发病率和严重程度方面发挥了作用。
