Madjid Mohammad, Alfred Anushayanthan, Sahai Achal, Conyers Jodie L, Casscells S Ward
Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Tex Heart Inst J. 2009;36(6):546-52.
Vaccination against influenza averts cardiovascular events and is recommended for all patients with coronary heart disease. Because data were unavailable regarding vaccination rates among such patients' household contacts, we sought to estimate the rate of influenza vaccination in persons with cardiovascular disease and their contacts. In 2004, we conducted a random, nationwide telephone survey of 1,202 adults (age, > or = 18 yr) to ascertain knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding influenza vaccination. Of the interviewees, 134 (11.1%) had histories of heart disease or stroke. Of these 134, 57% were men, and 45% were > or = 65 years of age. Overall, 57% were inoculated against influenza in 2003-2004, and 68% intended the same during 2004-2005. Vaccination rates increased with age: 48% (ages, 18-49 yr), 68% (ages, 50-64 yr), and 75% (age, > or = 65 yr). Forty of 69 respondents (58%) reported that their spouses were vaccinated, and 7 of 21 (33%) reported the inoculation of children < or = 17 years old in their household. Only 65% of the 134 patients considered themselves to be of high-risk status. Chief reasons for remaining unvaccinated were disbelief in being at risk and fear of contracting influenza from the vaccine. Although seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended for all coronary heart disease patients and their household contacts, the practice is less prevalent than is optimal. Intensified approaches are needed to increase vaccination rates. These findings suggest a need to increase vaccination efforts in high-risk subjects, particularly amidst the emerging H1N1 pandemic.
接种流感疫苗可预防心血管事件，建议所有冠心病患者接种。由于缺乏此类患者家庭接触者的疫苗接种率数据，我们试图估算心血管疾病患者及其接触者的流感疫苗接种率。2004年，我们在全国范围内对1202名成年人（年龄≥18岁）进行了随机电话调查，以确定他们对流感疫苗接种的知识、态度和行为。受访者中，134人（11.1%）有心脏病或中风病史。在这134人中，57%为男性，45%年龄≥65岁。总体而言，2003 - 2004年期间57%的人接种了流感疫苗，2004 - 2005年期间68%的人打算接种。接种率随年龄增长而升高：18 - 49岁年龄组为48%，50 - 64岁年龄组为68%，≥65岁年龄组为75%。69名受访者中有40人（58%）报告其配偶接种了疫苗，21名受访者中有7人（33%）报告其家中17岁及以下的孩子接种了疫苗。134名患者中只有65%认为自己属于高危人群。未接种疫苗的主要原因是不相信自己有风险以及担心从疫苗中感染流感。尽管建议所有冠心病患者及其家庭接触者接种季节性流感疫苗，但实际接种情况不如理想。需要加强措施以提高接种率。这些发现表明有必要在高危人群中加大疫苗接种力度，尤其是在新出现的甲型H1N1流感大流行期间。
