Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, AFIT/ENV, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson, OH 45433-7765, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 2010 Jan;25 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):50-5. doi: 10.1007/s11606-009-1112-8.
One important factor influencing the successful implementation of system-wide change is initial readiness. Readiness is defined as the degree to which those involved are individually and collectively primed, motivated, and technically capable of executing the change. We present a conceptual framework that highlights three broad areas to be considered if health-care professionals are to comprehensively evaluate readiness that includes psychological factors (i.e., characteristics of those being asked to change), structural factors (i.e., circumstances under which the change is occurring) as well as the level of analysis (i.e., individual and organizational levels). We also describe more specific dimensions within each of these broad categories that have both empirical and theoretical support, presenting several valid and reliable survey instruments that measure key dimensions of readiness quantitatively.
影响系统变革成功实施的一个重要因素是初始准备情况。准备情况是指相关人员在个人和集体层面上的准备程度，即他们的积极性、动机以及执行变革的技术能力。我们提出了一个概念框架，突出了三个需要考虑的广泛领域，如果医疗保健专业人员要全面评估准备情况，这三个领域包括心理因素（即被要求变革的人的特征）、结构因素（即变革发生的情况）以及分析水平（即个人和组织层面）。我们还描述了这些广泛类别中的每个类别内更具体的维度，这些维度既有实证依据，也有理论支持，并提供了几个有效且可靠的调查工具，可定量衡量准备情况的关键维度。
