Collier Eric, Harrington Charlene
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing, University of California-San Francisco, 3333 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2008 Jul;1(3):157-70. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20080701-02.
Despite substantial spending and considerable regulatory oversight, the quality of care provided to residents in the nation's nursing facilities is inadequate, and strategies to address this problem are needed. Staffing characteristics are important predictors of quality in nursing facilities, and the relationship between staffing and various quality measures fluctuates across studies and in analyses that account for the effects of market, resident, and organizational characteristics. However and even with such variations, it is has generally been concluded that higher staffing levels, less turnover, and higher retention rates are associated with an array of improved resident and facility outcomes. This article synthesizes literature, including published reports, expert opinion, and peer reviewed studies, on staffing levels, turnover, and quality of care in nursing homes. The findings were used to develop three staffing interventions that need to be further evaluated in an effort to improve the quality of care in nursing facilities.
尽管投入了大量资金并进行了大量监管，但美国护理机构为居民提供的护理质量仍不达标，因此需要采取解决这一问题的策略。人员配置特征是护理机构质量的重要预测指标，并且在各项研究以及考虑了市场、居民和组织特征影响的分析中，人员配置与各种质量指标之间的关系存在波动。然而，即便存在这些差异，总体上人们还是得出结论，即较高的人员配置水平、较低的人员流动率和较高的留用率与一系列改善居民和机构的结果相关。本文综合了有关养老院人员配置水平、人员流动率和护理质量的文献，包括已发表的报告、专家意见和同行评审研究。研究结果被用于制定三项人员配置干预措施，为提高护理机构的护理质量，这些措施有待进一步评估。
