Ramos-E-Silva M, Aguiar-Santos-Vilela F, Cardoso-de-Brito A, Coelho-Carneiro S
Sector of Dermatology and Post-Graduation Course in Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2009 Nov;100 Suppl 1:92-100. doi: 10.1016/s0001-7310(09)73173-4.
Lobomycosis is a cutaneous infection of tropical and subtropical regions caused by the fungus Lacazia loboi, which still has a controversial taxonomical position. The first description of the disease and fungus was made in 1930 by Jorge Lobo. It is a chronic disease with predominance of lesions similar to keloids, in exposed areas, limited to skin and semimucosa. There is no systemic involvement and patients maintain a good general health. Diagnosis is confirmed by direct or histopathologic exam and, until present, the fungus has not been cultivated. Surgery is the treatment of choice for isolated lesions, but there are frequent recurrences. Good therapeutic responses have been reported with clofazimine, with or without itraconazole, and with 5-fluorocytosine. This disease should be recognized by dermatologists worldwide because, although restricted to the Amazon region, it has been observed in other locations. Research development and achievement of new knowledge in molecular biology and genetic engineering of lobomycosis are of utmost importance because they may, in the future, lead to the culture of the fungus in the laboratory and to a better understanding of its pathogenesis, transmission mechanism, and new methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
芽生菌病样肉芽肿是一种由罗博隐球菌引起的热带和亚热带地区皮肤感染病，其分类学地位仍存在争议。该病及病原菌的首次描述由豪尔赫·洛博于1930年完成。它是一种慢性病，主要表现为类似瘢痕疙瘩的皮损，好发于暴露部位，局限于皮肤和半黏膜，无全身受累，患者一般健康状况良好。通过直接检查或组织病理学检查可确诊，目前该真菌尚未培养成功。手术是孤立性皮损的首选治疗方法，但复发频繁。据报道，氯法齐明单用或联合伊曲康唑以及5-氟胞嘧啶治疗效果良好。全世界皮肤科医生都应认识这种疾病，因为尽管它局限于亚马逊地区，但在其他地方也有发现。芽生菌病样肉芽肿分子生物学和基因工程方面的研究进展及新知识的获得至关重要，因为未来它们可能会使该真菌在实验室中培养成功，并有助于更好地理解其发病机制、传播途径以及新的诊断、预防和治疗方法。
