Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;91(3):589-96. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28686. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
Exercise might have a persistent effect on energy expenditure and fat oxidation, resulting in increased fat loss. However, even without weight loss, exercise results in positive metabolic effects. The effect of an aerobic exercise program on 24-h total energy expenditure (TEE) and its components-basal (BEE), sleep (SEE), and awake sedentary (SEDEE) energy expenditure and substrate oxidation-has not been studied in lean and obese adolescents.
The objective was to test the hypothesis that 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation increase in lean and obese adolescents after 12 wk of moderate aerobic exercise without dietary intervention and weight loss.
Twenty-eight postpubertal Hispanic adolescents (13 lean [mean +/- SE: age, 15.3 +/- 0.3 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), 20.2 +/- 0.7; body fat, 18.7 +/- 1.6%] and 15 obese [age, 15.6 +/- 0.3 y; BMI, 33.1 +/- 0.9; body fat, 38.1 +/- 1.4%]) completed a 12-wk aerobic exercise program (4 x 30 min/wk at > or =70% of VO(2 peak)) without weight loss. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were quantified by 24-h room calorimetry at baseline and postexercise.
This aerobic exercise program did not affect 24-h TEE, BEE, SEE, or SEDEE in lean or obese participants. In obese adolescents, respiratory quotient (RQ) and substrate oxidation also did not change. In lean adolescents, 24-h RQ and RQ during SEE decreased (both P < 0.01) and fat oxidation increased (P < 0.01).
A 12-wk aerobic exercise program did not increase TEE, BEE, SEE, or SEDEE in either lean or obese sedentary adolescents. Furthermore, 24-h fat oxidation did not change in the obese adolescents, whereas it increased in the lean adolescents.
运动可能对能量消耗和脂肪氧化产生持久影响，从而导致脂肪损失增加。然而，即使没有体重减轻，运动也会产生积极的代谢效应。有氧运动方案对 24 小时总能量消耗 (TEE) 及其组成部分——基础代谢率 (BEE)、睡眠时能量消耗 (SEE)、清醒时久坐代谢率 (SEDEE) 和底物氧化——的影响，在瘦和肥胖青少年中尚未得到研究。
本研究旨在检验以下假设，即 12 周中等强度有氧运动后，在不进行饮食干预和体重减轻的情况下，瘦和肥胖青少年的 24 小时能量消耗和脂肪氧化增加。
28 名青春期后西班牙裔青少年（13 名瘦者[平均 +/- SE：年龄，15.3 +/- 0.3 岁；体重指数（BMI；以 kg/m(2)计），20.2 +/- 0.7；体脂，18.7 +/- 1.6%]和 15 名肥胖者[年龄，15.6 +/- 0.3 岁；BMI，33.1 +/- 0.9；体脂，38.1 +/- 1.4%]）完成了一项 12 周的有氧运动计划（每周 4 次，每次 30 分钟，强度大于或等于 70%的 VO(2 峰值）），没有体重减轻。在基线和运动后通过 24 小时室内热量计测定能量消耗和底物氧化。
该有氧运动方案并未改变瘦或肥胖参与者的 24 小时 TEE、BEE、SEE 或 SEDEE。在肥胖青少年中，呼吸商 (RQ) 和底物氧化也没有变化。在瘦青少年中，24 小时 RQ 和 SEE 期间的 RQ 降低（均 P < 0.01），脂肪氧化增加（P < 0.01）。
12 周的有氧运动方案并未增加久坐不动的瘦或肥胖青少年的 TEE、BEE、SEE 或 SEDEE。此外，肥胖青少年的 24 小时脂肪氧化没有变化，而瘦青少年的脂肪氧化增加。
