University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;16(2):183-8. doi: 10.3201/eid1602.090469.
The isolation of the coronavirus (CoV) identified as the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome and the detection of 2 new human CoVs (HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1) have led to studies of the epidemiology and clinical and socioeconomic effects of infections caused by all HCoVs, including those known since the late 1960s (HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43). HCoV infections can be associated with respiratory and extrarespiratory manifestations, including central nervous system involvement. Furthermore, unlike other RNA viruses, HCoVs can easily mutate and recombine when different strains infect the same cells and give rise to a novel virus with unpredictable host ranges and pathogenicity. Thus, circulating HCoVs should be closely monitored to detect the spread of particularly virulent strains in the community at an early stage and to facilitate the development of adequate preventive and therapeutic measures.
冠状病毒（CoV）的分离被确定为严重急性呼吸系统综合征的病因，以及 2 种新型人类 CoV（HCoV-NL63 和 HCoV-HKU1）的发现，促使人们对所有 HCoV 引起的感染的流行病学以及临床和社会经济学影响进行研究，包括自 20 世纪 60 年代末以来已知的 HCoV（HCoV-229E 和 HCoV-OC43）。HCoV 感染可与呼吸道和呼吸道外表现相关，包括中枢神经系统受累。此外，与其他 RNA 病毒不同，当不同毒株感染同一细胞时，HCoV 很容易发生突变和重组，从而产生一种具有不可预测宿主范围和致病性的新型病毒。因此，应密切监测循环 HCoV，以便早期发现社区中特别具有毒力的毒株的传播，并促进制定适当的预防和治疗措施。
