San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, California, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):154-62. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.038.
Parenting interventions have achieved changes in factors associated with childhood obesity but few have tested the effects on multiple parental influences.
This study examined the efficacy of an intervention aimed at improving several dimensions of parenting related to childhood obesity.
The study used a 2 x 2 factorial design.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: In 2003, a sample of 13 Southern California schools was randomized to one of four conditions: micro-environment only, macro-environment only, micro-plus-macro-environment, and no treatment control condition. Participants included 811 predominantly Mexican immigrant/Mexican-American mothers with children in kindergarten through second grade.
In both micro conditions, participants received monthly home visits by a promotora over a 7-month period plus monthly mailed newsletters.
In 2008, intervention effects were examined on (1) parenting strategies, including limit setting, monitoring, discipline, control, and reinforcement related to children's diet and physical activity; (2) parental support for physical activity; (3) parent-mediated family behaviors such as family meals eaten together and TV watching during family dinners; and (4) perceived barriers and other parent cognitions related to children's eating and activity.
At the 2-year follow-up, significant improvements were observed in three of five parenting strategies, parental support, and two of four parent-mediated family behaviors among parents receiving the micro intervention (i.e., those who received promotora visits and monthly newsletters), as compared with those in the macro-only and control conditions.
Aspects of parenting related to children's risk for obesity and related health outcomes are modifiable with the support of a promotora and print media.
养育干预措施已经改变了与儿童肥胖相关的因素，但很少有研究测试其对多种父母影响的效果。
本研究旨在检验一项旨在改善与儿童肥胖相关的养育多个维度的干预措施的效果。
该研究采用了 2x2 析因设计。
地点/参与者：2003 年，南加州的 13 所学校被随机分配到以下四种条件之一：微观环境干预组、宏观环境干预组、微观加宏观环境干预组和无治疗对照组。参与者包括 811 名主要是墨西哥移民/墨西哥裔美国母亲，她们的孩子在幼儿园到二年级。
在微观环境干预组中，参与者在 7 个月的时间里每月接受一次由 promotora 进行的家访，并每月收到邮寄的通讯。
在 2008 年，干预效果评估了以下方面：（1）养育策略，包括与儿童饮食和身体活动相关的限制设置、监控、纪律、控制和强化；（2）父母对身体活动的支持；（3）父母介导的家庭行为，如一起吃家庭餐和在家庭晚餐时看电视；以及（4）与儿童饮食和活动相关的感知障碍和其他父母认知。
在 2 年的随访中，与宏观环境干预组和对照组相比，接受微观干预（即接受 promotora 家访和每月通讯的父母）的五组养育策略中的三组、父母支持和四组父母介导的家庭行为中的两组有显著改善。
在 promotora 和印刷媒体的支持下，可以改变与儿童肥胖风险和相关健康结果相关的养育方面。
