Kotses H, Harver A, Segreto J, Glaus K D, Creer T L, Young G A
Psychology Department, Ohio University, Athens 45701.
Biofeedback Self Regul. 1991 Mar;16(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/BF01000442.
We studied the effects of electromyographic biofeedback on measures of asthma severity in children. Fifteen children received biofeedback training to reduce facial tension, and 14 children, who served as controls, received biofeedback training to maintain facial tension at a stable level. Assignment to experimental condition was random. As a result of training, electromyographic levels decreased in children trained in facial relaxation and remained fairly constant in children trained in facial tension stability. Biofeedback training was augmented for children in both groups by having them practice their facial exercises at home. Each child's condition was followed for a five-month period subsequent to biofeedback training. Throughout the experiment, the following measures of asthma severity were monitored: lung function, self-rated asthma severity, medication usage, and frequency of asthma attacks. In addition, standardized measures of attitudes toward asthma, self-concept, and chronic anxiety were recorded at regular intervals. As compared to the facial stability subjects, the facial relaxation subjects exhibited higher pulmonary scores, more positive attitudes toward asthma, and lower chronic anxiety during the follow-up period. Subjects in the two groups, however, did not differ on self-rated asthma severity, medication usage, frequency of asthma attacks, or self-concept. Based on the improvements we observed in pulmonary, attitude, and anxiety measures, we concluded that biofeedback training for facial relaxation contributes to the self-control of asthma and would be a valuable addition to asthma self-management programs.
我们研究了肌电图生物反馈对儿童哮喘严重程度指标的影响。15名儿童接受了生物反馈训练以减轻面部紧张，14名儿童作为对照组，接受了生物反馈训练以将面部紧张维持在稳定水平。随机分配实验条件。训练结果显示，接受面部放松训练的儿童肌电图水平下降，而接受面部紧张稳定性训练的儿童肌电图水平保持相当稳定。两组儿童都通过在家练习面部运动来加强生物反馈训练。在生物反馈训练后的五个月内，对每个儿童的情况进行跟踪。在整个实验过程中，监测了以下哮喘严重程度指标：肺功能、自我评定的哮喘严重程度、药物使用情况和哮喘发作频率。此外，还定期记录了对哮喘的态度、自我概念和慢性焦虑的标准化指标。与面部紧张稳定性组的受试者相比，面部放松组的受试者在随访期间表现出更高的肺部评分、对哮喘更积极的态度和更低的慢性焦虑。然而，两组受试者在自我评定的哮喘严重程度、药物使用情况、哮喘发作频率或自我概念方面没有差异。基于我们在肺部、态度和焦虑指标方面观察到的改善，我们得出结论，面部放松的生物反馈训练有助于哮喘的自我控制，将是哮喘自我管理计划的一项有价值的补充。
