The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
J Youth Adolesc. 2011 Feb;40(2):231-44. doi: 10.1007/s10964-010-9509-6. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
This study focuses on the national identity of high-school adolescents in Russia and Ukraine in the post-perestroika period. Adolescents studying in public high schools in 12 medium-size and large cities completed questionnaires in 1999 (n = 468) and 2007 (n = 646). Russian adolescents consistently reported a more positive attitude towards their country and a stronger identification with the nation than did Ukrainian adolescents. The effect of socio-economic changes on the two components of national identity differed: the adolescents reported a more positive attitude towards their country in 2007 than in 1999, while their identification with the nations did not change significantly. Social support received from peers was associated with a more positive attitude towards the country and a stronger identification with the nation, while social support received from parents and teachers was not related to the national identity of adolescents. Adolescents' better psychological adjustment was associated with a more positive attitude towards the country but was not related to their identification with the nation. Adolescents who belonged to the ethnic majority reported a more positive attitude towards the country and a stronger identification with the nation as compared to adolescents who belonged to ethnic minorities.
本研究关注的是后苏联时期俄罗斯和乌克兰高中生的国家认同。在 1999 年（n=468）和 2007 年（n=646），在 12 个中等和大城市的公立高中学习的青少年完成了问卷调查。俄罗斯青少年对自己国家的态度始终比乌克兰青少年更为积极，对国家的认同感也更强。社会经济变革对这两个国家认同组成部分的影响不同：与 1999 年相比，2007 年青少年对自己国家的态度更为积极，而他们对国家的认同感没有显著变化。从同龄人那里获得的社会支持与对国家的积极态度和更强的国家认同感有关，而从父母和老师那里获得的社会支持与青少年的国家认同感无关。青少年更好的心理调整与对国家的积极态度有关，但与他们对国家的认同感无关。与少数民族青少年相比，属于多数族裔的青少年对国家的态度更为积极，对国家的认同感也更强。
