Department of Medicine, Division of Global Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0507, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2010 Apr 1;100 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S178-85. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.170142. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
We sought to understand tuberculosis (TB) and HIV coinfection trends in San Diego County, California, and to identify associations between sociodemographic risk factors and TB and HIV coinfection.
We analyzed TB surveillance data from 1993 through 2007. TB cases were grouped by HIV status: positive, negative, or unknown. We used Poisson regression to estimate trends and tested associations between TB and HIV coinfection and sociodemographic risk factors with polychotomous logistic regression.
Of 5172 TB cases, 8.8% were also infected with HIV. Incidence of coinfected cases did not change significantly over the period studied, but the proportion of cases among Hispanics increased significantly, whereas cases among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks decreased. TB cases with HIV coinfection were significantly more likely to be Hispanic, male, injection drugs users, and aged 30 to 49 years, relative to cases with TB disease only.
The burden of TB and HIV in San Diego has shifted to Hispanics in the last decade. To address this health disparity, binational TB and HIV prevention efforts are needed.
我们旨在了解加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县的结核病（TB）和 HIV 合并感染趋势，并确定社会人口学危险因素与 TB 和 HIV 合并感染之间的关系。
我们分析了 1993 年至 2007 年的结核病监测数据。将结核病病例按 HIV 状况分组：阳性、阴性或未知。我们使用泊松回归估计趋势，并使用多分类逻辑回归检验 TB 和 HIV 合并感染与社会人口学危险因素之间的关联。
在 5172 例结核病病例中，8.8%同时感染了 HIV。在研究期间，合并感染病例的发病率没有明显变化，但西班牙裔病例的比例显著增加，而非西班牙裔白人病例和黑人病例的比例则有所下降。与仅有结核病的病例相比，合并 HIV 感染的结核病病例更可能是西班牙裔、男性、注射毒品使用者，年龄在 30 至 49 岁之间。
在过去十年中，圣地亚哥的结核病和 HIV 负担已转移到西班牙裔人群。为了解决这一健康差距，需要开展跨国结核病和 HIV 预防工作。
