高蛋白饮食结合抗阻运动训练可改善 2 型糖尿病超重和肥胖患者的体重减轻和身体成分。
A high-protein diet with resistance exercise training improves weight loss and body composition in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
机构信息
Preventative Health Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Food and Nutritional Sciences, Adelaide, Australia.
出版信息
Diabetes Care. 2010 May;33(5):969-76. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1974. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of two low-fat hypocaloric diets differing in the carbohydrate-to-protein ratio, with and without resistance exercise training (RT), on weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk outcomes in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 83 men and women with type 2 diabetes (aged 56.1 +/- 7.5 years, BMI 35.4 +/- 4.6 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to an isocaloric, energy-restricted diet (female subjects 6 MJ/day, male subjects 7 MJ/day) of either standard carbohydrate (CON; carbohydrate:protein:fat 53:19:26) or high protein (HP; 43:33:22), with or without supervised RT (3 days/week) for 16 weeks. Body weight and composition, waist circumference (WC), and cardiometabolic risk markers were assessed. RESULTS Fifty-nine participants completed the study. There was a significant group effect (P <or= 0.04) for body weight, fat mass, and WC with the greatest reductions occurring in HP+RT (weight [CON: -8.6 +/- 4.6 kg, HP: -9.0 +/- 4.8 kg, CON+RT: -10.5 +/- 5.1 kg, HP+RT: -13.8 +/- 6.0 kg], fat mass [CON: -6.4 +/- 3.4 kg, HP: -6.7 +/- 4.0 kg, CON+RT: -7.9 +/- 3.7 kg, HP+RT: -11.1 +/- 3.7 kg], and WC [CON: -8.2 +/- 4.6 cm, HP: -8.9 +/- 3.9 cm, CON+RT: -11.3 +/- 4.6 cm, HP+RT: -13.7 +/- 4.6 cm]). There was an overall reduction (P < 0.001) in fat-free mass (-2.0 +/- 2.3 kg), blood pressure (-15/8 +/- 10/6 mmHg), glucose (-2.1 +/- 2.2 mmol/l), insulin (-4.7 +/- 5.4 mU/l), A1C (-1.25 +/- 0.94%), triglycerides (-0.47 +/- 0.81 mmol/l), total cholesterol (-0.67 +/- 0.69 mmol/l), and LDL cholesterol (-0.37 +/- 0.53 mmol/l), with no difference between groups (P >or= 0.17). CONCLUSIONS An energy-restricted HP diet combined with RT achieved greater weight loss and more favorable changes in body composition. All treatments had similar improvements in glycemic control and CVD risk markers.
目的
评估两种低碳水化合物低热量饮食的效果，这两种饮食的碳水化合物与蛋白质比例不同，同时还结合了抗阻运动训练（RT），以观察其对超重/肥胖 2 型糖尿病患者的体重减轻、身体成分和心血管疾病（CVD）风险结果的影响。
研究设计和方法
共有 83 名 2 型糖尿病患者（年龄 56.1 ± 7.5 岁，BMI 35.4 ± 4.6 kg/m²）被随机分配到能量限制的等热量饮食（女性受试者 6 MJ/天，男性受试者 7 MJ/天），分别为标准碳水化合物（CON；碳水化合物：蛋白质：脂肪为 53:19:26）或高蛋白（HP；43:33:22），并结合或不结合监督下的 RT（每周 3 天），持续 16 周。评估体重和身体成分、腰围（WC）以及心脏代谢风险标志物。
结果
59 名参与者完成了研究。体重、脂肪量和 WC 存在显著的组间效应（P ≤ 0.04），其中 HP+RT 组的降幅最大（体重[CON：-8.6 ± 4.6 kg，HP：-9.0 ± 4.8 kg，CON+RT：-10.5 ± 5.1 kg，HP+RT：-13.8 ± 6.0 kg]，脂肪量[CON：-6.4 ± 3.4 kg，HP：-6.7 ± 4.0 kg，CON+RT：-7.9 ± 3.7 kg，HP+RT：-11.1 ± 3.7 kg]，WC[CON：-8.2 ± 4.6 cm，HP：-8.9 ± 3.9 cm，CON+RT：-11.3 ± 4.6 cm，HP+RT：-13.7 ± 4.6 cm]）。脂肪量（-2.0 ± 2.3 kg）、血压（-15/8 ± 10/6 mmHg）、血糖（-2.1 ± 2.2 mmol/l）、胰岛素（-4.7 ± 5.4 mU/l）、A1C（-1.25 ± 0.94%）、甘油三酯（-0.47 ± 0.81 mmol/l）、总胆固醇（-0.67 ± 0.69 mmol/l）和 LDL 胆固醇（-0.37 ± 0.53 mmol/l）均有显著降低（P < 0.001），但各组间无差异（P ≥ 0.17）。
结论
能量限制的高蛋白饮食与 RT 相结合可实现更大的体重减轻，并对身体成分产生更有利的变化。所有治疗方法在血糖控制和 CVD 风险标志物方面均有相似的改善。
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