Layman Donald K, Evans Ellen, Baum Jamie I, Seyler Jennifer, Erickson Donna J, Boileau Richard A
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illnois, Urbana, 61801, USA.
J Nutr. 2005 Aug;135(8):1903-10. doi: 10.1093/jn/135.8.1903.
This study examined the interaction of 2 diets (high protein, reduced carbohydrates vs. low protein, high carbohydrates) with exercise on body composition and blood lipids in women (n = 48, approximately 46 y old, BMI = 33 kg/m(2)) during weight loss. The study was a 4-mo weight loss trial using a 2 x 2 block design (Diet x Exercise). Diets were equal in total energy (7.1 MJ/d) and lipids ( approximately 30% energy intake) but differed in protein content and the ratio of carbohydrate:protein at 1.6 g/(kg . d) and <1.5 (PRO group) vs. 0.8 g/(kg . d) and >3.5 (CHO group), respectively. Exercise comparisons were lifestyle activity (control) vs. a supervised exercise program (EX: 5 d/wk walking and 2 d/wk resistance training). Subjects in the PRO and PRO + EX groups lost more total weight and fat mass and tended to lose less lean mass (P = 0.10) than the CHO and CHO + EX groups. Exercise increased loss of body fat and preserved lean mass. The combined effects of diet and exercise were additive for improving body composition. Serum lipid profiles improved in all groups, but changes varied among diet treatments. Subjects in the CHO groups had larger reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, whereas subjects in the PRO groups had greater reductions in triacylglycerol and maintained higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol. This study demonstrated that a diet with higher protein and reduced carbohydrates combined with exercise additively improved body composition during weight loss, whereas the effects on blood lipids differed between diet treatments.
本研究调查了两种饮食（高蛋白、低碳水化合物与低蛋白、高碳水化合物）与运动对减肥期间女性（n = 48，约46岁，BMI = 33 kg/m²）身体成分和血脂的相互作用。该研究是一项为期4个月的减肥试验，采用2×2区组设计（饮食×运动）。两种饮食的总能量（7.1 MJ/d）和脂质（约占能量摄入的30%）相等，但蛋白质含量以及碳水化合物与蛋白质的比例不同，分别为1.6 g/（kg·d）且<1.5（PRO组）与0.8 g/（kg·d）且>3.5（CHO组）。运动比较为生活方式活动（对照组）与监督运动计划（EX：每周5天步行和每周2天抗阻训练）。与CHO组和CHO + EX组相比，PRO组和PRO + EX组的受试者体重和脂肪量减轻更多，且瘦体重减少倾向较小（P = 0.10）。运动增加了体脂的减少并保留了瘦体重。饮食和运动对改善身体成分的综合作用是相加的。所有组的血清脂质谱均有所改善，但不同饮食处理之间的变化有所不同。CHO组的受试者总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低幅度更大，而PRO组的受试者三酰甘油降低幅度更大且高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度维持较高水平。本研究表明，高蛋白、低碳水化合物饮食与运动相结合在减肥期间可相加性地改善身体成分，而不同饮食处理对血脂的影响有所不同。
