Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 May;18(5):966-70. doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.20. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
It has been suggested that for overweight and obese individuals high-calorie foods are more reinforcing than for normal-weight individuals. It has already been shown that in contrast to sedentary activities, snack food is more reinforcing for obese women, relative to normal-weight women. However, it is unclear whether overweight/obese individuals are more sensitive to the reinforcing value of food in general or more specifically to the reinforcing value of high-calorie foods. This was tested in the present study, with overweight/obese and normal-weight individuals performing a concurrent schedules task, which measures how hard someone is prepared to work for high-calorie snacks compared to low-calorie foods (e.g., fruits, vegetables), when both foods are equally liked. By gradually increasing the amount of work required to earn snacks, the relative-reinforcing value of snacks was determined. As hypothesized, overweight/obese individuals work harder for high-calorie snacks compared to normal-weight individuals.
有人认为，对于超重和肥胖个体来说，高热量食物比正常体重个体更具强化作用。已经表明，与 sedentary activities 相比，对于肥胖女性来说，相对于正常体重女性，snack food 更具强化作用。然而，尚不清楚超重/肥胖个体是否对食物的强化价值总体上更敏感，还是对高热量食物的强化价值更敏感。本研究对此进行了测试，超重/肥胖个体和正常体重个体进行了并发时间表任务，该任务衡量了当两种食物同样受欢迎时，个体为高热量零食（例如，高热量零食和低热量食物（例如，水果、蔬菜）而努力工作的程度。通过逐渐增加赚取零食所需的工作量，确定了零食的相对强化价值。正如假设的那样，与正常体重个体相比，超重/肥胖个体为高热量零食付出了更多的努力。
