Simpson Stephen J, Raubenheimer David
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Aging (Albany NY). 2009 Oct 22;1(10):875-80. doi: 10.18632/aging.100098.
Dietary restriction (DR) without malnutrition is widely regarded to be a universal mechanism for prolonging lifespan. It is generally believed that the benefits of DR arise from eating fewer calories (termed caloric restriction, CR). Here we argue that, rather than calories, the key determinant of the relationship between diet and longevity is the balance of protein to non-protein energy ingested. This ratio affects not only lifespan, but also total energy intake, metabolism, immunity and the likelihood of developing obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Among various possible mechanisms linking macronutrient balance to lifespan, the nexus between the TOR and AMPK signaling pathways is emerging as a central coordinator.
无营养不良的饮食限制（DR）被广泛认为是延长寿命的普遍机制。人们普遍认为，DR的益处源于摄入较少的卡路里（称为热量限制，CR）。在此我们认为，饮食与长寿之间关系的关键决定因素不是卡路里，而是摄入的蛋白质与非蛋白质能量的平衡。这一比例不仅影响寿命，还影响总能量摄入、新陈代谢、免疫力以及患肥胖症和相关代谢紊乱的可能性。在将大量营养素平衡与寿命联系起来的各种可能机制中，TOR和AMPK信号通路之间的联系正成为核心协调者。
