中国特大城市酒精和其他药物使用的流行病学特征。
The epidemiological profile of alcohol and other drug use in metropolitan China.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, B601 West Fee Hall, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2010 Dec;55(6):645-53. doi: 10.1007/s00038-010-0127-6. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
PURPOSE
There is evidence that alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use may be rising in China, but epidemiological studies that examine several drugs simultaneously and the transition from initial try to current use are limited. The present study provides an epidemiological profile of drug use in contemporary metropolitan China.
METHODS
A multistage probability sampling method was used to select household-dwelling adults in Beijing and Shanghai. Standard face-to-face interviews with 5,201 participants were completed during 2002-2003.
RESULTS
An estimated 70-76% had used any type of drug: alcohol and tobacco were the most commonly used drugs (alcohol, 67%; tobacco, 39%). Regarding extra-medical use of internationally regulated drugs, sedatives and analgesics were most common and illegal drug use was rare. The majority of tobacco users used it recently (82.5%), especially young adults. Male-female differences were observed in lifetime tobacco use, but not for recent use. Concurrent use of alcohol and tobacco was very common.
CONCLUSION
Psychoactive drug use is common in metropolitan China. Public health policies and prevention initiatives may be needed to address associated problems that may increase following the country's rapid socioeconomic change.
目的
有证据表明，中国的酒精、烟草和其他药物滥用可能正在上升，但同时考察多种药物以及从初次尝试到目前使用的转变的流行病学研究有限。本研究提供了当代中国大都市药物使用的流行病学概况。
方法
采用多阶段概率抽样方法在北京和上海选择居住在家庭中的成年人。在 2002-2003 年期间，对 5201 名参与者进行了标准的面对面访谈。
结果
估计有 70-76%的人使用过任何类型的药物：酒精和烟草是最常用的药物（酒精，67%；烟草，39%）。关于国际管制药物的非医疗用途，镇静剂和止痛药最为常见，非法药物使用很少见。大多数烟草使用者最近（82.5%）使用过烟草，尤其是年轻成年人。在终生使用烟草方面存在男女差异，但在最近使用方面没有差异。同时使用酒精和烟草非常普遍。
结论
精神活性药物在中国大都市地区很常见。随着国家快速的社会经济变化，可能需要制定公共卫生政策和预防措施来解决可能增加的相关问题。
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