Kane Pratibha P
Maharashtra Medical Research Society, Pune, India.
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2009 Apr;13(1):28-32. doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.50721.
Stress in nurses is an endemic problem. It contributes to health problems in nurses and decreases their efficiency. Documenting the causes and extent of stress in any healthcare unit is essential for successful interventions
Establishing the existence and extent of work stress in nurses in a hospital setting, identifying the major sources of stress, and finding the incidence of psychosomatic illness related to stress.
This study used a questionnaire relating to stressors and a list of psychosomatic ailments. One hundred and six nurses responded and they were all included in the study. Stressors were based on four main factors: work related, work interactions, job satisfaction, and home stress. The factors relating to stress were given weights according to the severity. The total score of 50 was divided into mild, moderate, severe, and burnout.
Most important causes of stress were jobs not finishing in time because of shortage of staff, conflict with patient relatives, overtime, and insufficient pay. Psychosomatic disorders like acidity, back pain, stiffness in neck and shoulders, forgetfulness, anger, and worry significantly increased in nurses having higher stress scores. Increase in age or seniority did not significantly decrease stress.
Moderate levels of stress are seen in a majority of the nurses. Incidence of psychosomatic illness increases with the level of stress. Healthcare organizations need to urgently take preemptive steps to counter this problem.
护士的压力是一个普遍存在的问题。它会导致护士出现健康问题并降低其工作效率。记录任何医疗单位中压力的成因和程度对于成功干预至关重要。
确定医院环境中护士工作压力的存在情况和程度，找出主要压力源，并查明与压力相关的心身疾病的发病率。
本研究使用了一份与压力源相关的问卷和一份心身疾病清单。106名护士做出了回应，他们都被纳入了研究。压力源基于四个主要因素：工作相关、工作互动、工作满意度和家庭压力。根据严重程度对与压力相关的因素进行加权。总分50分被分为轻度、中度、重度和倦怠。
压力的最重要原因是由于人员短缺工作未按时完成、与患者亲属发生冲突、加班和薪酬不足。在压力得分较高的护士中，诸如胃酸过多、背痛、颈部和肩部僵硬、健忘、愤怒和担忧等心身疾病显著增加。年龄或资历的增加并没有显著减轻压力。
大多数护士存在中等程度的压力。心身疾病的发病率随着压力水平的升高而增加。医疗保健机构需要紧急采取预防措施来应对这个问题。
