Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Jul;109(1):3-10. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01361.2009. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
Weight loss improves metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors, but risk may return with weight regain. This study was designed to determine if exercise training can maintain improvements in MetS risk factors during weight regain. In a randomized control trial,102 overweight or obese (body mass index 25.0-39.9 kg/m(2)) men and women (age 21-52 yr), with characteristics of the MetS, lost 10% of body weight with supervised walking/jogging at 60% of maximal oxygen consumption (Vo(2 max)) (-400 kcal/session), 5 days/wk, and caloric restriction (-600 kcal/day) over a 4- to 6-mo period. After weight loss, 77 remaining subjects underwent programmed weight regain (+50% of lost weight) for 4-6 mo with random assignment to two groups: no exercise (NoEX) or continued supervised exercise (EX). Blood pressure, regional fat, glucose homeostasis, lipids, and inflammatory markers were assessed at baseline, post-weight loss, and post-weight regain. Groups were compared by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA on the 67 subjects. After weight loss (9.7 +/- 0.2% of body weight), significant (P < 0.05) improvements were observed in almost all parameters assessed. Following weight regain (54.4 +/- 1.6% of lost weight), the NoEX group exhibited deterioration in most metabolic markers, while the EX group maintained improvements in Vo(2 max), blood pressures, glucose homeostasis, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), oxidized LDL, and other markers of inflammation, but did not maintain improvements in triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations or abdominal fat. Results of this design of controlled human weight regain suggest that aerobic exercise can counter the detrimental effects of partial weight regain on many markers of disease risk.
体重减轻可以改善代谢综合征（MetS）的各项因素，但体重反弹后风险可能会再次出现。本研究旨在确定运动训练是否可以在体重反弹期间维持 MetS 风险因素的改善。在一项随机对照试验中，102 名超重或肥胖（体重指数 25.0-39.9 kg/m²）的男性和女性（年龄 21-52 岁），具有 MetS 的特征，通过以 60%最大摄氧量（Vo₂ max）的速度监督步行/慢跑（-400 卡路里/节），每周 5 天，以及热量限制（-600 卡路里/天），在 4-6 个月内减轻了 10%的体重。体重减轻后，77 名剩余受试者在 4-6 个月内通过随机分配到两组来进行计划的体重反弹（增加丢失体重的 50%）：不运动（NoEX）或继续监督运动（EX）。在基线、体重减轻后和体重反弹后评估血压、局部脂肪、葡萄糖稳态、脂质和炎症标志物。通过对 67 名受试者的双向重复测量方差分析比较两组。在体重减轻后（体重的 9.7 +/- 0.2%），几乎所有评估的参数都观察到了显著（P < 0.05）的改善。在体重反弹后（丢失体重的 54.4 +/- 1.6%），NoEX 组大多数代谢标志物恶化，而 EX 组保持了 Vo₂ max、血压、葡萄糖稳态、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C 和 LDL-C）、氧化 LDL 和其他炎症标志物的改善，但未能保持甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度或腹部脂肪的改善。这种受控人体体重反弹的设计结果表明，有氧运动可以对抗部分体重反弹对许多疾病风险标志物的不利影响。
