Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy with intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring.

Objective. Our goal is to study the feasibility of using intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) in minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy (MIVAT/P) with emphasis given to the identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Methods. Consecutive series of forty-seven patients with seventy-seven recurrent laryngeal nerves at risk undergoing both MIVAT/P and IONM were enrolled in this retrospective, nonrandomized analysis study. All operations were performed by the same surgeon within an academic institution setting. All patients underwent vocal cord evaluation postoperatively. Demographics and intraoperative and postoperative complications following surgery were collected. Results. Out of seventy-seven RLNs, there was one permanent unilateral RLN injury (1.29%) in a patient with advanced papillary thyroid cancer, managed by cord injection. There was another transient RLN paresis that resolved spontaneously (1.29%). There were no instances of equipment malfunction or interference. Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first reported MIVAT/P series from the United States of America with a standardized IONM technique. The technical feasibility of IONM seems acceptable and may serve as a meaningful adjunct to the visual identification of nerves. Neuromonitoring during MIVAT/P is effective in providing identification of laryngeal nerves and enables surgeons to feel more comfortable with MIVAT/P. Comparative series are needed for further evaluation.