Filippelli Gabriel M, Laidlaw Mark A
Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN 46205, USA.
Perspect Biol Med. 2010 Winter;53(1):31-45. doi: 10.1353/pbm.0.0136.
Although significant headway has been made over the past 50 years in understanding and reducing the sources and health risks of lead, the incidence of lead poisoning remains shockingly high in urban regions of the United States. At particular risk are poor people who inhabit the polluted centers of our older cities without the benefits of adequate nutrition, education, and access to health care. To provide a future with fewer environmental and health burdens related to lead, we need to consider the multiple pathways of lead exposure in children, including their continued contact with dust derived from inner-city soils. Recent research into the causes of seasonal variations in blood-lead levels among children has confirmed the importance of soil in lead exposure. "Capping" lead-contaminated soil with lead-free soil or soil amendment appears to be a simple and cost-effective way to reduce the lead load for urban youth.
尽管在过去50年里，在了解和减少铅的来源及健康风险方面已取得重大进展，但在美国城市地区，铅中毒的发生率仍然高得惊人。特别危险的是那些居住在我们老城市污染中心的穷人，他们无法获得充足的营养、教育和医疗保健。为了创造一个与铅相关的环境和健康负担更少的未来，我们需要考虑儿童铅暴露的多种途径，包括他们持续接触来自市中心土壤的灰尘。最近对儿童血铅水平季节性变化原因的研究证实了土壤在铅暴露中的重要性。用无铅土壤或土壤改良剂“覆盖”受铅污染的土壤，似乎是一种简单且经济有效的方法，可以减少城市青少年的铅负荷。
