Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2009;35(5):375-80. doi: 10.1080/00952990903125235.
Little is known about the prevalence and severity of smoking in pregnant opioid dependent patients.
To first characterize the prevalence and severity of smoking in pregnant patients screened for a randomized controlled trial, Maternal Opioid Treatment: Human Experimental Research (MOTHER), comparing two agonist medications; and second, to compare the MOTHER screening sample to published samples of other pregnant and/or patients with substances use disorders.
Pregnant women (N = 108) screened for entry into an agonist medication comparison study were retrospectively compared on smoking variables to samples of pregnant methadone-maintained patients (N = 50), pregnant opioid or cocaine dependent patients (N = 240), non-pregnant methadone-maintained women (N = 75), and pregnant non-drug-addicted patients (N = 1,516).
Of screened patients, 88% (n = 95) smoked for a mean of 140 months (SD = 79.0) starting at a mean age of 14 (SD = 3.5). This rate was similar to substance use disordered patients and significantly higher compared to general pregnant patients (88% vs. 22%, p < .001).
Aggressive efforts are needed to reduce/eliminate smoking in substance-abusing pregnant women.
在接受阿片类药物依赖治疗的孕妇中，吸烟的流行程度和严重程度鲜为人知。
首先描述参加随机对照试验的孕妇筛查人群中吸烟的流行程度和严重程度，该试验为母亲阿片类药物治疗：人体实验研究（MOTHER），比较两种激动剂药物；其次，将 MOTHER 筛查样本与其他已发表的孕妇和/或物质使用障碍患者样本进行比较。
回顾性比较了 108 名参加激动剂药物比较研究的孕妇筛查人群的吸烟变量与 50 名接受美沙酮维持治疗的孕妇、240 名怀孕的阿片类或可卡因依赖患者、75 名未怀孕的美沙酮维持治疗妇女和 1516 名未怀孕非药物成瘾患者的样本。
在接受筛查的患者中，88%（n=95）吸烟，平均起始年龄为 14 岁（SD=3.5），平均吸烟年限为 140 个月（SD=79.0）。这一比例与物质使用障碍患者相似，明显高于一般孕妇（88%比 22%，p<0.001）。
需要积极努力减少/消除物质滥用孕妇的吸烟行为。
