Harris Jennifer L, Brownell Kelly D, Bargh John A
Yale University.
Soc Issues Policy Rev. 2009 Dec 1;3(1):211-271. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-2409.2009.01015.x.
Marketing practices that promote calorie-dense, nutrient-poor foods directly to children and adolescents present significant public health risk. Worldwide, calls for government action and industry change to protect young people from the negative effects of food marketing have increased. Current proposals focus on restricting television advertising to children under 12 years old, but current psychological models suggest that much more is required. All forms of marketing pose considerable risk; adolescents are also highly vulnerable; and food marketing may produce far-reaching negative health outcomes. We propose a food marketing defense model that posits four necessary conditions to effectively counter harmful food marketing practices: awareness, understanding, ability and motivation to resist. A new generation of psychological research is needed to examine each of these processes, including the psychological mechanisms through which food marketing affects young people, to identify public policy that will effectively protect them from harmful influence.
直接向儿童和青少年推销高热量、低营养食品的营销行为给公众健康带来了重大风险。在全球范围内，要求政府采取行动以及行业做出改变以保护年轻人免受食品营销负面影响的呼声日益高涨。当前的提议主要集中在限制面向12岁以下儿童的电视广告，但当前的心理学模型表明，需要采取的措施远不止于此。所有形式的营销都带来了相当大的风险；青少年也极易受到影响；而且食品营销可能会产生深远的负面健康后果。我们提出了一种食品营销防御模型，该模型提出了有效对抗有害食品营销行为的四个必要条件：抵制的意识、理解、能力和动机。需要新一代的心理学研究来审视这些过程中的每一个，包括食品营销影响年轻人的心理机制，以确定能够有效保护他们免受有害影响的公共政策。
