Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2010;28:211-41. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-030409-101218.
IgE-mediated allergy is a hypersensitivity disease affecting more than 25% of the population. The structures of the most common allergens have been revealed through molecular cloning technology in the past two decades. On the basis of this knowledge of the sequences and three-dimensional structures of culprit allergens, investigators can now analyze the immune recognition of allergens and the mechanisms of allergic inflammation in allergic patients. Allergy vaccines have been constructed that are able to selectively target the aberrant immune responses in allergic patients via different pathways of the immune system. Here we review various types of allergy vaccines that have been developed based on allergen structures, results from their clinical application in allergic patients, and future strategies for allergen-specific immunotherapy and allergy prophylaxis.
IgE 介导的过敏反应是一种影响超过 25%人群的超敏疾病。在过去的二十年中，通过分子克隆技术揭示了最常见过敏原的结构。基于这些过敏原序列和三维结构的知识，研究人员现在可以分析过敏原的免疫识别和过敏患者的过敏炎症机制。现已构建了过敏疫苗，能够通过免疫系统的不同途径有选择地针对过敏患者的异常免疫反应。在这里，我们综述了基于过敏原结构开发的各种类型的过敏疫苗，以及它们在过敏患者中的临床应用结果，以及过敏原特异性免疫治疗和过敏预防的未来策略。
