Wändell Per E, Carlsson Axel, Steiner Kristin H
Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institute, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2010 Mar;6(2):126-33. doi: 10.2174/157339910790909404.
Some immigrant groups in Europe show an increased prevalence of diabetes, e.g. South Asians in the UK and Moroccans and Turks in the Netherlands. This study aimed at reviewing the literature among immigrants in the Nordic countries. Search was performed primarily of Medline through PubMed, and secondarily of other databases and by using information from reference lists. Terms used were: "Diabetes Mellitus", "Immigrant", and "Nordic countries" or "Scandinavia" or "Denmark", "Finland", "Iceland", "Norway" or "Sweden". Altogether 17 articles on diabetes were found. Excess risk of diabetes was found in non-European immigrant groups, especially from the Middle East and South Asian regions, in some cases 10 times the risk of the indigenous population, with the highest relative risks among women. No excess risk was found among European immigrants, with the possible exception of Finnish women. Conflicting results were found in studies with a low number of diabetic cases, with a failure to show statistically significant excess risks among non-European groups. There were also some other methodological problems, e.g. low participation rate in population based clinical studies, and probable underestimation of known diabetes by self-report. A genetic sensitivity seems likely in the Middle East and South Asian groups, combined with lifestyle factors.
欧洲的一些移民群体糖尿病患病率较高，例如英国的南亚人以及荷兰的摩洛哥人和土耳其人。本研究旨在综述北欧国家移民中的相关文献。主要通过PubMed检索Medline数据库，其次检索其他数据库并利用参考文献列表中的信息。使用的检索词为：“糖尿病”、“移民”以及“北欧国家”或“斯堪的纳维亚”或“丹麦”、“芬兰”、“冰岛”、“挪威”或“瑞典”。共找到17篇关于糖尿病的文章。发现非欧洲移民群体患糖尿病的风险过高，尤其是来自中东和南亚地区的群体，在某些情况下风险是当地人口的10倍，女性的相对风险最高。在欧洲移民中未发现风险过高的情况，芬兰女性可能除外。在糖尿病病例数较少的研究中结果相互矛盾，未能显示非欧洲群体存在统计学上显著的过高风险。还存在一些其他方法学问题，例如基于人群的临床研究参与率低，以及通过自我报告可能低估已知糖尿病病例。中东和南亚群体似乎存在遗传易感性，同时伴有生活方式因素。
