Cairns Fertility Centre, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2010 Apr;20(4):453-69. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.12.018. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
Culture of preimplantation-stage embryos has always been a key element of laboratory embryology and has contributed substantially to the success of many assisted reproduction procedures. During the past decade, its importance has increased as extended in-vitro embryo culture and single blastocyst transfer have become indispensable parts of the approach to decreasing the chance of multiple pregnancy while preserving the overall efficiency of the treatment. However, in spite of the scientific and commercial challenge stimulating research worldwide to optimize embryo culture conditions, a consensus is missing even in the basic principles, including composition and exchange of media, the required physical and biological environment and even the temperature of incubation. This review attempts to summarize the controversies, demonstrate the fragility of some widely accepted dogmas and generate an open-minded debate towards rapid and efficient optimization. New approaches expanding the traditional frames of mammalian embryo culture are also discussed. Although some researchers suppose that the efficiency of the presently applied in-vitro culture systems have already approached the biological limits, authors are confident that substantial improvement may be achieved that may expand considerably the possibilities of future assisted reproduction in humans.
胚胎植入前培养一直是实验室胚胎学的关键要素，为许多辅助生殖技术的成功做出了重大贡献。在过去的十年中，随着体外胚胎培养时间的延长和单个囊胚移植成为降低多胎妊娠几率同时保持治疗总体效率的不可或缺的部分，其重要性日益增加。然而，尽管全球范围内的科学和商业挑战刺激了研究以优化胚胎培养条件，但即使在包括培养基组成和更换、所需的物理和生物环境甚至孵育温度等基本原则方面，也尚未达成共识。本文综述试图总结这些争议，展示一些被广泛接受的教条的脆弱性，并就快速高效的优化进行开诚布公的辩论。还讨论了一些扩展传统哺乳动物胚胎培养框架的新方法。尽管一些研究人员认为目前应用的体外培养系统的效率已经接近生物学极限，但作者相信，可能会取得实质性的改进，这可能会极大地扩展未来人类辅助生殖的可能性。
