Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, United States.
Res Dev Disabil. 2010 May-Jun;31(3):743-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.01.016. Epub 2010 Mar 4.
The goal of this study was to systematically examine group differences among adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), comorbid autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and epilepsy through a detailed exploration of the characteristics that these disorders present in the area of psychopathology. Previous studies indicating that individuals with ID have comorbid ASD and epilepsy tend to stop short of addressing these disorders' impact on the full range of psychosocial issues, particularly in adult samples. Assessment of psychopathology was made with the ASD-comorbidity-adult version (ASD-CA). One hundred participants, with ID held constant, were matched and compared across four equal groups comprising 25 participants with ID, 25 participants with epilepsy, 25 participants with ASD, and 25 participants with combined ASD and epilepsy. When controlling for age, gender, race, level of ID, and hearing and visual impairments, results of the MANOVA revealed significant differences among groups, Wilks's Lambda=.76, F(15, 254)=1.82, p<.05, eta(2)=.09. A one-way ANOVA was conducted for each of the five subscales of the ASD-CA as follow-up tests to the MANOVA. Groups differed significantly Anxiety/Repetitive Behavior subscale, F(3, 96)=2.93, p<.05, eta(2)=.08, Irritability/Behavior excess subscale, F(3, 96)=4.74, p<.01, eta(2)=.13, Attention/Hyperactivity subscale, F(3, 96)=5.18, p<.01, eta(2)=.14, and Depressive Symptoms subscale, F(3, 96)=3.73, p<.01, eta(2)=.10. Trend analysis demonstrated that individuals with ID expressing combined comorbid ASD and epilepsy were significantly more impaired than the control group (ID only) or groups containing only a single comorbid factor with ID (ASD or epilepsy only). Implications of these findings elucidate the nature of these disorders and their influence on patient care and management.
本研究的目的是通过详细探讨这些疾病在精神病理学领域的特征，系统地检查伴有智力障碍 (ID)、共患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和癫痫的成年人之间的群体差异。先前的研究表明，患有 ID 的个体共患 ASD 和癫痫往往无法解决这些疾病对全范围的社会心理问题的影响，特别是在成年样本中。精神病理学评估采用 ASD 共病成人版 (ASD-CA)。100 名参与者，保持 ID 不变，在四个相等的组中进行匹配和比较，每个组包含 25 名 ID 参与者、25 名癫痫参与者、25 名 ASD 参与者和 25 名 ASD 和癫痫共病参与者。在控制年龄、性别、种族、ID 水平以及听力和视力障碍后，MANOVA 的结果显示组间存在显著差异，Wilks 的 Lambda=.76，F(15, 254)=1.82，p<.05，eta(2)=.09。作为 MANOVA 的后续测试，对 ASD-CA 的五个分量表中的每一个进行了单向方差分析。各组在焦虑/重复行为分量表上差异显著，F(3, 96)=2.93，p<.05，eta(2)=.08，易激惹/行为过度分量表，F(3, 96)=4.74，p<.01，eta(2)=.13，注意力/多动分量表，F(3, 96)=5.18，p<.01，eta(2)=.14，和抑郁症状分量表，F(3, 96)=3.73，p<.01，eta(2)=.10。趋势分析表明，表达共患 ASD 和癫痫的 ID 个体比对照组 (仅 ID) 或仅包含 ID 单一共患因素的组 (仅 ASD 或癫痫) 明显更受损。这些发现的意义阐明了这些疾病的性质及其对患者护理和管理的影响。
