Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Lancet. 2010 May 1;375(9725):1557-68. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61999-1. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is endemic in hospitals worldwide, and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Health-care-associated MRSA infections arise in individuals with predisposing risk factors, such as surgery or presence of an indwelling medical device. By contrast, many community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) infections arise in otherwise healthy individuals who do not have such risk factors. Additionally, CA-MRSA infections are epidemic in some countries. These features suggest that CA-MRSA strains are more virulent and transmissible than are traditional hospital-associated MRSA strains. The restricted treatment options for CA-MRSA infections compound the effect of enhanced virulence and transmission. Although progress has been made towards understanding emergence of CA-MRSA, virulence, and treatment of infections, our knowledge remains incomplete. Here we review the most up-to-date knowledge and provide a perspective for the future prophylaxis or new treatments for CA-MRSA infections.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）在全球的医院中普遍存在，可导致严重的发病率和死亡率。与医疗保健相关的 MRSA 感染发生在具有易患风险因素的个体中，例如手术或存在留置医疗设备。相比之下，许多社区相关的 MRSA（CA-MRSA）感染发生在没有此类风险因素的其他健康个体中。此外，CA-MRSA 感染在一些国家呈流行趋势。这些特征表明，CA-MRSA 菌株比传统的医院相关 MRSA 菌株更具毒性和传染性。CA-MRSA 感染的治疗选择有限，加剧了其毒性和传播的影响。尽管在了解 CA-MRSA 的出现、毒性和治疗感染方面已经取得了一些进展，但我们的知识仍然不完整。在这里，我们回顾了最新的知识，并为 CA-MRSA 感染的未来预防或新治疗方法提供了一个视角。
