Division of Psychiatry, Landspítali-University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Obes Facts. 2010 Feb;3(1):47-58. doi: 10.1159/000277067. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
Prejudice against those who are perceived as 'fat' or obese (anti-fat prejudice) is rife, increasing, and associated with negative outcomes for those targeted for such treatment. The present review sought to identify and describe published research on interventions to reduce anti-fat prejudice. A systematic search of relevant databases (e.g. PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus) found 16 published studies that had sought to reduce anti-fat prejudice. Most notable was the lack of research on interventions for reducing anti-fat prejudice. Methodological problems that limit the interpretability of results were identified in the majority of studies found. Interventions employing more rigorous experimental designs provided at best mixed evidence for effectiveness. Although several studies reported changes in beliefs and knowledge about the causes of obesity, reductions in anti-fat prejudice did not typically accompany these changes. Anti-fat prejudice interventions adopting social norm- and social consensus-based approaches appear encouraging but are scarce. The lack of prejudice reduction following most interventions suggests that psychological mechanisms other than, or additional to, those being manipulated may underpin anti-fat prejudice. New directions for researching anti-fat prejudice are suggested. Given the strength of antipathy displayed toward those who are perceived as 'fat' or obese, research in this area is urgently required.
人们普遍存在对被视为“肥胖”或“超重”的人的偏见（反胖偏见），这种偏见正在加剧，并对那些成为这种偏见目标的人产生负面影响。本综述旨在确定和描述旨在减少反胖偏见的已发表研究。对相关数据库（如 PsychInfo、PubMed、Scopus）的系统搜索发现了 16 项已发表的旨在减少反胖偏见的研究。最值得注意的是，几乎没有关于减少反胖偏见的干预措施的研究。在所发现的大多数研究中，都存在限制结果解释性的方法学问题。采用更严格实验设计的干预措施充其量只能提供关于有效性的混合证据。尽管有几项研究报告了对肥胖原因的信念和知识的变化，但反胖偏见并没有伴随着这些变化而减少。采用基于社会规范和社会共识的方法的反胖偏见干预措施似乎令人鼓舞，但却很少见。大多数干预措施之后并没有减少偏见，这表明反胖偏见可能不仅仅是受到所操纵的心理机制的影响，还可能受到其他心理机制的影响。建议为研究反胖偏见提供新的方向。鉴于人们对被视为“肥胖”或“超重”的人表现出的强烈反感，迫切需要在这一领域开展研究。
