Center for Magnesium Education & Research, LLC, Pahoa, HI 96778, USA.
Magnes Res. 2010 Mar;23(1):27-40. doi: 10.1684/mrh.2010.0198. Epub 2010 Mar 12.
Comprehensive analytical review of 44 human studies in 43 publications of oral Magnesium (Mg) therapy for hypertension (HT) shows Mg supplements may enhance the blood-pressure (BP) lowering effect of anti-hypertensive medications (medications) in Stage 1 HT subjects. 9 studies conducted on subjects treated with medications continuously >/= 6 months (with </= 2-wk washout) resulted in significant decreases in both SBP and DBP with oral Mg supplements as low as 230 mg (10 mmol) per day. Twice this oral Mg dose, i.e. 460 mg/day, was required to significantly lower both SBP and DBP in 18 of 22 studies conducted on Stage 1 HT subjects either treatment-naïve or with their medication use interrupted >/= 4 weeks within 6 months pre-study. Of the 4 remaining studies showing no BP change at these high Mg doses, two had large placebo effect, a third one had significant baseline discrepancies between Mg-test and placebo groups, and the fourth showed a significant decrease in DBP but not SBP. Thirteen studies on normotensive subjects, both treated and untreated with medications, showed no significant BP lowering effect with oral Mg therapy up to 25 mmol/day (607 mg).
Mg supplements above RDA may be necessary to significantly lower high blood pressure in Stage I HT unless subjects have been continuously treated with anti-HT medications >/= 6 months. Such medication use may lower by half the oral Mg dose needed to significantly decrease high blood pressure. Oral Mg therapy may have no effect in studies with normotensive subjects. Study of oral Mg therapy for severe or complicated hypertension has been neglected. Often the first cardiovascular risk factor to present, high blood pressure may be an early opportunity to correct poor Mg status and its possible complications including cardiovascular disease, respiratory diseases, and type 2 diabetes. Such preventive potential encourages quantification of these findings and testing of these hypotheses with a meta-analysis using categories elucidated by this preliminary study and finally would warrant a call for a prospective study.
对 43 篇出版物中 44 项人体研究的综合分析表明，口服镁（Mg）治疗高血压（HT）可能增强降压药物（药物）对 1 期 HT 患者的降压效果。在连续接受药物治疗> = 6 个月（无> = 2 周洗脱期）的受试者中进行的 9 项研究结果显示，口服 Mg 补充剂低至 230mg（10mmol）/天即可显著降低 SBP 和 DBP。在 22 项对 1 期 HT 受试者进行的研究中，有 18 项研究需要两次口服 Mg 剂量，即 460mg/天，才能显著降低 SBP 和 DBP，这些研究在研究前 6 个月内，要么药物治疗无中断> = 4 周，要么药物治疗中断> = 4 周。在这 4 项显示高 Mg 剂量下无血压变化的研究中，有 2 项研究安慰剂效应较大，第 3 项研究在 Mg 测试和安慰剂组之间存在显著的基线差异，第 4 项研究显示 DBP 显著降低，但 SBP 无变化。在接受和未接受药物治疗的正常血压受试者的 13 项研究中，口服 Mg 治疗最高达 25mmol/天（607mg）时，没有显著的降压作用。
除非受试者连续接受抗 HT 药物治疗> = 6 个月，否则 RDA 以上的 Mg 补充剂可能是降低 1 期 HT 患者高血压的必要条件。这种药物治疗可能会将降低高血压所需的口服 Mg 剂量降低一半。在正常血压受试者的研究中，口服 Mg 治疗可能没有效果。对严重或复杂高血压的口服 Mg 治疗研究被忽视。高血压可能是心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和 2 型糖尿病等不良 Mg 状态及其可能并发症的第一个心血管风险因素。这些预防潜力鼓励使用本初步研究阐明的类别进行量化这些发现，并使用荟萃分析测试这些假设，最终将需要呼吁进行前瞻性研究。
