Bouts Tim, Harrison Nicola, Berry Karla, Taylor Polly, Routh Andrew, Gasthuys Frank
Zoological Society London, ZSL Whipsnade Zoo, Veterinary Department, Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, UK.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2010 May;37(3):207-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00523.x. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
Investigate physiological and sedative/anaesthetic effects of xylazine, medetomidine or dexmedetomidine combined with ketamine in free-ranging Bennett's wallabies.
Prospective clinical trial.
Twenty-six adult free-ranging Bennett's wallabies.
Animals were darted intramuscularly with one of three treatments: xylazine and ketamine, 2.0 and 15.0 mg kg(-1), respectively (XK): medetomidine and ketamine 0.1 and 5.0 mg kg(-1) (MK) and dexmedetomidine and ketamine 0.05 and 5.0 mg kg(-1) (DMK). Body weights were estimated. If the animal was still laterally recumbent after 45 minutes of anaesthesia, then an alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, was administered (XK: 0.4 mg kg(-1), MK: 5 mg kg(-1), DMK: 2.5 mg kg(-1)). Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (f(R)) were recorded at 5-minute intervals and temperature at 10-minute intervals. Venous blood was taken 30 minutes after initial injection. Statistical analysis utilized anova. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Animals became recumbent rapidly in all groups. XK animals had muscle twitches, responded to external stimuli, and three animals required additional dosing; this was not observed in the MK and DMK groups. HR (mean +/- SD beats minute(-1)) in XK (81 +/- 4) was significantly higher than MK (74 +/- 2) and DMK (67 +/- 4). There were no differences in f(R), temperature, blood-gas and biochemical values between groups. More animals in MK (9/10) and DMK (5/6) needed antagonism of anaesthesia compared with XK (1/10). There were no adverse effects after anaesthesia.
Cardio-respiratory effects were similar in all groups. There were fewer muscle twitches and reactions to external stimuli in MK and DMK. Duration of anaesthesia was shorter in XK; most animals in MK and DMK needed atipamezole to assist recovery. All three treatments provided satisfactory sedation/anaesthesia and are suitable for use in Bennett's wallabies.
研究赛拉嗪、美托咪定或右美托咪定联合氯胺酮对野生贝内特小袋鼠的生理及镇静/麻醉作用。
前瞻性临床试验。
26只成年野生贝内特小袋鼠。
对动物进行肌肉注射，给予三种处理之一：赛拉嗪和氯胺酮，分别为2.0和15.0mg/kg（XK）；美托咪定和氯胺酮，分别为0.1和5.0mg/kg（MK）；右美托咪定和氯胺酮，分别为0.05和5.0mg/kg（DMK）。估算动物体重。若动物在麻醉45分钟后仍侧卧，则给予α-2肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂阿替美唑（XK：0.4mg/kg，MK：5mg/kg，DMK：2.5mg/kg）。每隔5分钟记录心率（HR）和呼吸频率（f(R)），每隔10分钟记录体温。初次注射30分钟后采集静脉血。采用方差分析进行统计分析。p<0.05认为具有显著性。
所有组动物均迅速侧卧。XK组动物出现肌肉抽搐，对外界刺激有反应，3只动物需要追加给药；MK组和DMK组未观察到这种情况。XK组的HR（平均±标准差，次/分钟）为（81±4），显著高于MK组（74±2）和DMK组（67±4）。各组之间的f(R)、体温、血气和生化值无差异。与XK组（1/10）相比，MK组（9/10）和DMK组（5/6）更多动物需要进行麻醉拮抗。麻醉后未出现不良反应。
所有组的心肺效应相似。MK组和DMK组的肌肉抽搐和对外界刺激的反应较少。XK组的麻醉持续时间较短；MK组和DMK组的大多数动物需要阿替美唑来辅助恢复。所有三种处理均提供了满意的镇静/麻醉效果，适用于贝内特小袋鼠。
