Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Jul;104(2):276-85. doi: 10.1017/S000711451000070X. Epub 2010 Mar 16.
In the UK, South Asian adults have increased risks of CHD, type 2 diabetes and central obesity. Black African-Caribbeans, in contrast, have increased risks of type 2 diabetes and general obesity but lower CHD risk. There is growing evidence that these risk differences emerge in early life and that nutritional factors may be important. We have therefore examined the variations in nutritional composition of the diets of South Asian, black African-Caribbean and white European children, using 24 h recalls of dietary intake collected during a cross-sectional survey of cardiovascular health in eighty-five primary schools in London, Birmingham and Leicester. In all, 2209 children aged 9-10 years took part, including 558 of South Asian, 560 of black African-Caribbean and 543 of white European ethnicity. Compared with white Europeans, South Asian children reported higher mean total energy intake; their intakes of total fat, polyunsaturated fat and protein (both absolute and as proportions of total energy intake) were higher and their intakes of carbohydrate as a proportion of energy (particularly sugars), vitamin C and D, Ca and haem Fe were lower. These differences were especially marked for Bangladeshi children. Black African-Caribbean children had lower intakes of total and saturated fat (both absolute and as proportions of energy intake), NSP, vitamin D and Ca. The lower total and saturated fat intakes were particularly marked among black African children. Appreciable ethnic differences exist in the nutritional composition of children's diets, which may contribute to future differences in chronic disease risk.
在英国，南亚成年人患冠心病、2 型糖尿病和中心性肥胖的风险增加。相比之下，黑非洲裔加勒比人患 2 型糖尿病和普通肥胖的风险增加，但冠心病风险较低。越来越多的证据表明，这些风险差异出现在生命早期，营养因素可能很重要。因此，我们使用在伦敦、伯明翰和莱斯特的 85 所小学进行的心血管健康横断面调查中收集的 24 小时膳食摄入回顾，检查了南亚、黑非洲裔加勒比和白欧洲儿童饮食的营养成分差异。共有 2209 名 9-10 岁的儿童参与了研究，其中包括 558 名南亚人、560 名黑非洲裔加勒比人和 543 名白欧洲人。与白欧洲人相比，南亚儿童的总能量摄入平均值较高；他们的总脂肪、多不饱和脂肪和蛋白质（无论是绝对摄入量还是占总能量摄入量的比例）摄入量较高，而碳水化合物占能量的比例（尤其是糖）、维生素 C 和 D、钙和血红素铁的摄入量较低。孟加拉国儿童的这些差异尤为明显。黑非洲裔加勒比儿童的总脂肪和饱和脂肪（无论是绝对摄入量还是占能量摄入量的比例）、NSP、维生素 D 和钙的摄入量较低。黑非洲儿童的总脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入量尤其较低。儿童饮食的营养成分存在明显的民族差异，这可能导致未来慢性病风险的差异。
