School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May;91(5):1336-41. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28950. Epub 2010 Mar 17.
The contribution of gestational weight gain (GWG) to the development of obesity may have important implications for mothers in their later lives. However, whether GWG is a strong predictor of body mass index (BMI) 2 decades after the index pregnancy is unknown.
We examined the long-term effect of GWG by using a community-based birth cohort study.
We followed a subsample of 2055 women from an original cohort of 7223 women who gave birth in Brisbane, Australia, between 1981 and 1983. Multivariable regression and multinomial regression were used to examine the independent associations of GWG per gestational week and Institute of Medicine (IOM) categories of combined prepregnancy BMI and GWG with BMI and its categories 21 y after the index pregnancy.
In analyses using GWG per week as a continuous exposure variable, maternal BMI (in kg/m(2)) increased, on average, by 0.52 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.73) for a 0.1-kg/wk greater GWG. This association became stronger when adjusted for maternal prepregnancy BMI. Analyses with IOM categories showed a greater postnatal increase in BMI for women defined as having excessive GWG (3.72, on average; 95% CI: 3.12, 4.31) than for women with adequate GWG. The women who gained excess weight during pregnancy had increased odds of being overweight [odds ratio (OR): 2.15; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.82] or obese (OR: 4.49; 95% CI; 3.42, 5.89) 21 y after the index pregnancy. These associations were independent of other potential factors.
Weight gain during pregnancy independently predicts the long-term weight gain and obesity of women.
妊娠体重增加（GWG）对母亲以后生活中肥胖的发展可能有重要影响。然而，GWG 是否是指数妊娠 20 年后体重指数（BMI）的一个强有力的预测因素尚不清楚。
我们通过一项基于社区的出生队列研究来检查 GWG 的长期影响。
我们随访了 1981 年至 1983 年期间在澳大利亚布里斯班分娩的 7223 名女性原始队列中的 2055 名女性的一个亚样本。多变量回归和多项回归用于检查 GWG 每妊娠周和医学研究所（IOM）关于孕前 BMI 和 GWG 的综合类别与 BMI 及其类别在指数妊娠后 21 年的独立关联。
在使用 GWG 每周作为连续暴露变量的分析中，母亲 BMI（kg/m2）平均增加 0.52（95%CI：0.31，0.73），GWG 增加 0.1kg/周。当调整了母亲的孕前 BMI 后，这种关联变得更强。使用 IOM 类别进行的分析表明，对于被定义为 GWG 过多的女性，BMI 的产后增加更大（平均增加 3.72；95%CI：3.12，4.31），而对于 GWG 充足的女性则增加更小。在怀孕期间体重增加过多的女性超重的可能性增加[比值比（OR）：2.15；95%CI：1.64，2.82]或肥胖（OR：4.49；95%CI：3.42，5.89）在指数妊娠后 21 年。这些关联独立于其他潜在因素。
怀孕期间的体重增加独立预测了女性的长期体重增加和肥胖。
