Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic & Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA.
Indian J Med Res. 2010 Feb;131:196-205.
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a form of sleep disordered breathing with a high prevalence rate and is often underdiagnosed. OSA is associated with hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias. The presence of OSA may be a strong predictor of fatal cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Increased sympathetic drive, activation of metabolic and inflammatory markers, and impaired vascular function are some of the proposed mechanisms that could explain the association between OSA and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these mechanisms is important for identifying treatment strategies. The presence of OSA should be considered in clinical practice, especially in patients with CVD. Randomized intervention studies are needed to establish whether early identification and treatment of OSA patients reduces cardiovascular morbidity.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种睡眠呼吸紊乱，其患病率很高，但往往被漏诊。OSA 与高血压、冠状动脉疾病、中风、外周血管疾病、心力衰竭和心律失常有关。在患有心血管疾病（CVD）的患者中，OSA 的存在可能是致命心血管事件的一个强有力的预测因素。增加的交感神经驱动、代谢和炎症标志物的激活以及血管功能受损是可以解释 OSA 与心血管疾病之间关联的一些提出的机制。了解这些机制对于确定治疗策略很重要。在临床实践中应考虑 OSA 的存在，尤其是在 CVD 患者中。需要进行随机干预研究，以确定早期识别和治疗 OSA 患者是否能降低心血管发病率。
