Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2010 Mar;46(1):59-67.
The objective of this study was to determine whether regular combined exercise program, which consists strength, stretching and aerobic exercises and additional jumping training, improve balance, fall risk, quality of life and depression status of older people living in a residential care.
A total of 168 residents who live in a long term care facility were screened. The trial began with 78 eligible participants and they were randomly grouped as combined exercises program (COM) group that includes stretching, strength and aerobic exercises, and COM plus jumping (COMpJ) group. 66 of the participants finished the trial. The groups were convened three times a week for six weeks. Each group had a warm-up, effective training and a cooling down periods. The total exercising time was no longer than 45 minutes in each group. Berg balance test and Biodex Balance System for the assessment of the dynamic balance and fall risk, short form 36 (SF 36) for the health related quality of life and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) for evaluation of the depression status were used.
The balance improvement and fall risk reduction were observed in both of the groups at the end of the trial; however, the improvements were statistically better in jumping combined group. Also health related quality of life improved in both groups.
Regular group exercise in a long term care facility have several beneficial effects on the elderly residents in regard to balance improvement, fall risk reduction and quality of life. The addition of jumping to strength, stretching and aerobic exercises provides important contributions to balance improvement and fall risk reduction.
本研究旨在确定定期的综合运动方案（包括力量训练、伸展运动和有氧运动，以及额外的跳跃训练）是否可以改善居住在养老院的老年人的平衡能力、跌倒风险、生活质量和抑郁状况。
对居住在长期护理机构的 168 名居民进行了筛选。共有 78 名符合条件的参与者参与了试验，并随机分为综合运动方案（COM）组，包括伸展、力量和有氧运动，以及 COM 加跳跃（COMpJ）组。有 66 名参与者完成了试验。两组每周进行三次训练，每次训练时长不超过 45 分钟。每个组都有热身、有效训练和冷却阶段。采用 Berg 平衡测试和 Biodex 平衡系统评估动态平衡和跌倒风险，采用简明健康调查问卷（SF-36）评估健康相关生活质量，采用老年抑郁量表（GDS）评估抑郁状况。
试验结束时，两组的平衡能力均有所提高，跌倒风险均有所降低；但跳跃结合组的改善更为显著。同时，两组的健康相关生活质量均有所提高。
在长期护理机构中进行定期的团体运动对老年人的平衡能力、跌倒风险和生活质量有多种有益影响。将跳跃加入到力量、伸展和有氧运动中，可以显著提高平衡能力，降低跌倒风险。
