Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Pediatrics. 2010 Apr;125(4):633-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-1928. Epub 2010 Mar 29.
The goals were to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among minority children in a southern US city, to examine differences in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children, and to determine dietary sources of vitamin D.
Low-income, minority children (N = 290; mean age: 2.5 +/- 1.2 years) were recruited during well-child clinic visits. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium levels were measured and dietary information was assessed.
The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) level was 26.2 +/- 7.6 ng/mL, whereas 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2) was not detected. Overall, 22.3% of children had deficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels (< or =20 ng/mL), 73.6% had less-than-optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (< or =30 ng/mL), and 1.4% had low serum calcium levels (< or =9 mg/dL). A significantly larger proportion of non-Hispanic black children, compared with Hispanic children, had vitamin D deficiency (26% vs 18%; P < .05). Age and season of recruitment were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency and low serum calcium levels. Older children (> or =3 years) were less likely to have vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio [OR]: 0.89 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.96]; P < .001). Study enrollment during spring and summer reduced the likelihood of vitamin D deficiency by approximately 20% (spring, OR: 0.85 [95% CI: 0.73-0.98]; P = .03; summer, OR: 0.82 [95% CI: 0.73-0.92]; P < .01). Fortified milk provided most dietary vitamin D (62%), with Hispanic children reporting greater intake.
Suboptimal vitamin D status was common among apparently healthy, low-income, minority children. Age and season were significant predictors of vitamin D deficiency.
本研究旨在确定美国南部城市少数族裔儿童维生素 D 缺乏的流行情况，检验非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔儿童血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平的差异，并确定维生素 D 的膳食来源。
本研究招募了 290 名（平均年龄：2.5 ± 1.2 岁）接受常规儿童保健门诊的低收入、少数族裔儿童。检测了血清 25-羟维生素 D 和钙水平，并评估了饮食信息。
儿童平均血清 25-羟维生素 D(3)水平为 26.2 ± 7.6ng/ml，而 25-羟维生素 D(2)未被检测到。总体而言，22.3%的儿童存在血清 25-羟维生素 D(3)水平不足（< 20ng/ml），73.6%的儿童存在血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平不足（< 30ng/ml），1.4%的儿童存在血清钙水平不足（< 9mg/dl）。与西班牙裔儿童相比，非西班牙裔黑人儿童维生素 D 缺乏（26%比 18%）的比例显著更大（P<.05）。年龄和招募季节与维生素 D 缺乏和低血清钙水平显著相关。年龄较大的儿童（> 3 岁）维生素 D 缺乏的可能性较小（比值比[OR]：0.89[95%置信区间[CI]：0.81-0.96]；P<.001）。春季和夏季的研究招募降低了约 20%的维生素 D 缺乏的可能性（春季 OR：0.85[95%CI：0.73-0.98]；P =.03；夏季 OR：0.82[95%CI：0.73-0.92]；P<.01）。强化牛奶提供了大部分膳食维生素 D（62%），西班牙裔儿童的摄入量更大。
在看似健康的低收入少数族裔儿童中，维生素 D 状态不理想的情况很常见。年龄和季节是维生素 D 缺乏的重要预测因素。
